CAREC地区气候与道路安全措施的相互作用

NO. 107June 2025 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANKADB Sustainable Development Working Paper SeriesInteractions Between Climate and Road Safety Measuresin the CAREC RegionRamboll and Ritu MishraNo. 107 | June 2025Ramboll is an independent architecture, engineering,and consultancy company creating sustainablesolutions across energy, real estate, transport, water,waste, industry, finance, technology, healthcareand public sectors. The consulting team comprises:Arkadeep Halder, Erik Hedman, Emil Fraenkel,Janus Søgaard Kirkeby, and Olga Petrik.Ritu Mishra is a Transport Specialist at the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB), where she leads the design,processing, and implementation of transport projects.She plays an active role in advancing ADB’s strategicand operational priorities, with a focus on promotingsustainable transport and advancing resilient and safetransport infrastructure.TheADB Sustainable Development WorkingPaper Seriespresents data from ongoingresearch to encourage exchange of ideasand elicit comment and feedback aboutdevelopment issues in Asia and the Pacific.The views expressed are those of the authorsand do not necessarily reflect the views andpolicies of ADB or its Board of Governorsor the governments they represent. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)© 2025 Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, PhilippinesTel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444Some rights reserved. Published in 2025.ISSN 2789-0619 (print), 2789-0627 (PDF)Publication Stock No. WPS250250-2DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/WPS250250-2The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policiesof the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for anyconsequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that theyare endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does notintend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.This publication is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be boundby the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisionsand terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess.This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributedto another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it.ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material.Please contact pubsmarketing@adb.org if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wishto obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does not fall within these terms, or for permission to useTheADB Sustainable Development Working Paper Seriespresents data, information, and/or findings from ongoingresearch and studies to encourage exchange of ideas and elicit comment and feedback about development issuesin Asia and the Pacific. Since papers in this series are intended for quick and easy dissemination, the content may ormay not be fully edited and may later be modified for final publication.Corrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda.In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars.ADB recognizes “China” as the People’s Republic of China. www.adb.orgthe ADB logo.Notes: CONTENTSSelecting the Countries for the Case StudyCAREC Countries and Their Nationally Determined ContributionCountry-Specific Documents on Road Safety and CO2Emission ReductionsRegional Road Safety Baseline ConditionsIV.METHODOLOGY OF ASSESSING THE INTERACTIONS BETWEENCLIMATE CHANGE AND ROAD SAFETY MEASURESThe Climate Impacts of Road Safety Measures (Task 2)The Road Safety Impacts of Climate Action (Task 3)The Climate Impacts of Death and Injury in Road Use (Task 4)V.MODELLING EFFECTS OF ROAD SAFETY AND CLIMATE CHANGEClimate Change Mitigation Measures TABLES AND FIGURESABBREVIATIONSEXECUTIVE SUMMARYI.INTRODUCTIONContext and BackgroundRegional ChallengesRegional InitiativesSummaryII.STUDY APPROACHOverviewIII.LITERATURE REVIEWApproachLiterature Review FindingsShortlisting the MeasuresMITIGATION MEASURESRoad Safety-Related Measures viiviii24478101314141919203131333536404046 1 VI.MODELLING EMISSION IMPACTS OF DEATH AND INJURIES FROM ROAD USE51Health Care Sector-related Emissions51Emergency Services-related Emissions56Property Damage-related Emissions57Traffic Flow Disruption-relat