西非经货联盟国内收入动员-国际货币基金组织

IMF Selected Issues PaperAfrican DepartmentDomestic RevenueMobilization in WAEMUPrepared by Ljubica Dordevic and Anamaria MafteiAuthorized for distribution by Luca A RicciJune2025IMF Selected Issues Papersare prepared by IMF staff as background documentation for periodicconsultations with member countries.It is based on the information available at the time it wascompleted on April 17, 2025. This paper is also published separately as IMF Country Report No 25/111.ABSTRACT:Domestic Revenue Mobilization (DRM) is essential for financing economic and socialdevelopment and ensuring debt sustainability in WAEMU, particularly in light of rising interest, high securityspending, and the prospective reduction in foreign aid. While DRM has generally improved over the past twodecades, it remains below the former target and exhibits significant disparities across countries, affected bystructural challenges – such as narrow tax bases, limited enforcement capacity, and widespread informality.Strengthening tax policy and revenue administration (by streamlining tax systems, rationalizing exemptions,and improving compliance), supported by enhanced regional oversight and cooperation, is critical to ensuringRECOMMENDED CITATION:Ljubica Dordevic and Anamaria Maftei, Domestic RevenueMobilization inWAEMU. IMF Selected Issues Paper (SIP/2025/070). Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.E62,H2, O23WAEMU, revenue mobilization, taxation, tax policy, revenueadministrationldordevic@imf.org;amaftei@imf.org sustainable revenue mobilization.JEL Classification Numbers: KeywordsAuthor’s E-Mail Address: Domestic RevenueMobilization inWAEMUWest African Economic and Monetary UnionPrepared by Ljubica Dordevic and Anamaria Maftei11Prepared by Ljubica Dordevic (AFR) and Anamaria Maftei (FADT1), with much appreciated insights on revenue administration byRene Ossa (FADR2) and Fayçal Sawadogo (FADT1) on tax potential and IMF WoRLD, and excellent research support by FionaHesse-Triballi. We would like to thank Luca Antonio Ricci, Christophe Waerzeggers, Mario Mansour, Lawrence Norton, and theauthorities for their suggestions and comments. WEST AFRICAN ECONOMICAND MONETARY UNIONSELECTED ISSUESApprovedByLuca A. RicciAfrican DepartmentPrepared ByLjubica Dordevic andAnamaria MafteiDOMESTIC REVENUE MOBILIZATION IN WAEMU_______________________________ 3A. Background _________________________________________________________________________ 3B. Tax Revenue Sources ________________________________________________________________ 6C. Tax Potential ________________________________________________________________________ 8D. Progress Achieved in DRM _________________________________________________________ 10E. Policy Recommendations___________________________________________________________ 12BOX1. The New DRM Action Plan (2024) __________________________________________________ 11FIGURES1. Revenue _____________________________________________________________________________ 42. Tax and Non- tax Revenue __________________________________________________________ 43. Progress in Achieving the Tax-to-GDP Target _______________________________________ 44. Government Tax Revenue ___________________________________________________________ 55. Distribution of Total Revenue and Tax Revenue _____________________________________ 56. Sources of Tax Revenue _____________________________________________________________ 67. Statutory Tax Rates __________________________________________________________________ 78. Tax Performance Indicators__________________________________________________________ 89. Tax Potential in WAEMU Countries __________________________________________________ 910. Tax Gap ____________________________________________________________________________ 911. Opinion on the Level of Corruption within the Institutions in the WAEMURegion ________________________________________________________________________________ 12References _____________________________________________________________________________ 18CONTENTS WEST AFRICAN ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION2INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUNDANNEXESI. Data Sources Comparison ______________________________________________________________________ 15II. Estimating Tax Potential _______________________________________________________________________ 16 INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUNDDOMESTIC REVENUE MOBILIZATION IN WAEMU1Domestic Revenue Mobilization (DRM) is critical for financing economic and social development andensuring debt sustainability in WAEMU, especially in light of rising interest, high security spending, andthe prospective reduction in foreign aid. It is a cornerstone of the authorities’ reform programs and oneof the most pressing policy challenges. Over the last two decades, DRM in WAEMU has improvedoverall, but it has shown a persistently large heterogeneity—and even divergence—in revenueperformance across countries. The secondary criterion of the suspended Convergence Pact, which setsa 20 percent floo