探索同地长期储能的投资案例：到2030年交付3倍的可再生能源

Tableof contents How to accelerateinvestments in co-locatedLDES1705. Case studies2206. Executive summary03 Delivering 3x Renewables by 2030Why invest in long-durationenergy storage (LDES)?0502. Case study 2. Venture capital and fundingproject: Energy Dome25 Regulation and market frameworks mustrecognize co-located LDES projects18 Case study 3. Public-private partnership financedproject: Pulau Ubin Microgrid, Singapore26 LDES technologies andbusiness models0803. Governments must develop innovative policiesand clear targets for LDES19 Case study 4. Debt-financing with a long-termPPA project: Centrale Électrique de l'OuestGuyanais (CEOG)27 Changes in permitting and planning can unlockproject feasibility19 Deploy financial mechanisms will makeco-located LDES investable20 Challenges for LDESdeployment1204. Executive summary Delivering 3x Renewables by 2030All stakeholders need to act urgently to reduce the levelsof CO2emissions into the environment to meet climategoals. Renewable energy generation is the key to enablingthe transition away from fossil fuels. Yet, its intermittentnature requires storage to ensure 24/7 clean energy andadapt to the variability of the system. Long-durationenergy storage (LDES) solutions, which have a dischargeduration of more than 4 hours, will play a critical rolein supporting the integration of the renewable energycapacity required by 2030, in accordance with the pledgeto triple renewable energy capacity (the 3xRenewablespledge) signed at the United Nations Climate ChangeConference (COP28) in 2023. An energy system combiningrenewables and LDES will ensure stable power delivery,limit renewable energy curtailments and strengthen gridresilience. Figure 1:Why investing in Long Duration Energy Storage? Improve grid reliability and resilienceLDES can bridge long outages (from hours todays) caused by extreme weather, cyberattacks,or unexpected demand spikes. It provides abackup to ensure critical services keep runningeven when the main supply is interrupted. Enable higher shares of renewables Wind and solar are variable — they don’t produceelectricity all the time. LDES can store excessrenewable energy when it's abundant (e.g., sunnyafternoon) and release it during low productionperiods (e.g., night, cloudy days, or windlessperiods). This reduces curtailment (wastingrenewables) and makes 24/7 renewable gridspossible. Support deep decarbonization Lower system costs over time By shifting energy over longer periods, LDESsmooths out peaks and valleys in supplyand demand. This reduces the need to buildexpensive, redundant infrastructure (like peakerplants) and optimizes use of existing assets. Overtime, it can lower the overall cost of electricityfor consumers. Many sectors (such as heavy industry, heating,and transport) will electrify to decarbonize.A clean, resilient grid will require LDES to managethe massive, variable loads from these newdemands without relying on fossil fuel backup. LDES has both significant benefits for the energysystem and numerous advantages for businesses. Earlyinvestment in LDES can enhance business resilience,reduce energy costs and strengthen competitiveadvantage in a decarbonizing economy (Figure 1). Navigating the investment case for co-located long-duration energy storage (LDES)Investing in LDES technologies deals with electrochemical,mechanical, thermal and chemical solutions, each withunique advantages and differing market readiness.Their applications offer many business cases fordecarbonization. This brief guides businesses to investin LDES solutions, focusing on their co-location withrenewable energy systems in the European landscape.It does not attempt to evaluate or argue that co-location1is the only way to go in the complex journey todecarbonizing power systems. This is because the usecases for long-duration energy storage are wide-ranging, Unlock new business models andflexibility markets Enhance energy security By diversifying storage options beyond lithium-ion batteries, LDES can reduce dependence oncritical minerals and mitigate supply chain risks.Technologies like thermal storage, compressedair, pumped hydro, and flow batteries are lessvulnerable to material scarcity. LDES can participate in multiple markets,including energy shifting, frequency regulation,capacity services, and congestion management.It creates new revenue streams for investorsand provides additional flexibility tools for gridoperators. such as stand-alone grid storage, storage as transmissionassets and customer energy management. It alsoprovides recommendations to policymakers to create theright incentives for such investments. Delivering 3x Renewables by 2030LDES adoption faces several challenges despite itspotential, such as technical (performance and scalability),regulatory (lack of market fit), environmental (siteand resource impacts) and economic (limited revenuestreams). Policy frameworks often do not sufficientlysupport LDES and funding is still