更有效的社会保护促进更强劲的经济增长：2024年经合组织重要风险调查的主要发现

Main Findings from the2024 OECD Risks that Matter Survey More Effective SocialProtection for StrongerEconomic Growth MAIN FINDINGS FROM THE 2024 OECD RISKS THATMATTER SURVEY This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed andarguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Member countries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Photo credits:Cover © Dmitrii Sakharov/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword The OECD Risks that Matter (RTM)Programme was first launched as a key output of the 2018 OECDSocial Policy Ministerial in Montréal, Canada under the supervision of the OECD’s Employment, Labourand Social Affairs Committee(ELSAC). Ministers called on the OECD to help governments betterincorporatepeople’sopinions in the policymaking process, better understand both real and perceived riskspeople face, and better adapt social protection to a world characterised by rapidly changing risks andopportunities. Results from RTM2018showed that people in even the wealthiest countries in the world were worriedabout their health and economic security, and they wanted governmentsto do more when providing socialprotection. Informed by these findings, the 2020 wave oftheRTM focused on economic insecurity andsocial service delivery duringCOVID-19, and the 2022waveofferedan update on perceived risks andsocial protection preferencesemerging fromthe pandemic andin thefaceofthe cost-of-living crisis.Overtime, a few consistent findings have emerged:most people want to see more government intervention inthe areas of health, financial security, and support for older peopleviapensions and long-term care. Results from 2024 reaffirm these results,illustratinga widely-held truth: across OECD countries, manypeople rely on governments’ social safety nets to help ensure their economic security and give them thefoundation to live healthy, productive and happy lives. Beyond the standard social and economic risks featured in previous waves of the RTM Survey,the2024wave additionally includes special segmentson two megatrends–technological change and populationageing. Theseresults highlightstrong support for social programmes that foster economic growthandsecurity, includinggreater public investments in re-training and education to ensure workers have the rightskills for the future.The results also show that aclear majoritysupportgetting more women into theworkforce, the use of technology in workplaces, and moving part-timeworkersto full-time jobs to addressprojected worker shortages driven by population ageing. Fertility measures are less popular. RTM 2024 also finds that there islimited willingness to pay more for better provisionof social protection.This means thatgovernments must look toimproving efficiency in social programme applications anddelivery.As governments reshape social protection systems to make them fit for the futureand moreefficient,including through digitalisationand the increasing use of AI,the OECDRisks that Matter Surveyoffersvaluableinsights intocitizens’ perspectives. Acknowledgements The Risks that Matter (RTM) Survey andProgramme is carried out in the OECD Directorate forEmployment, Labour and Social Affai