制定人工智能战略方针：政策制定者手册

A Handbook forPolicy Makers © 2025 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank Group1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000Internet:www.worldbank.org DISCLAIMER This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, inter-pretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The WorldBank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries,colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judg-ment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsementor acceptance of such boundaries. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages disseminationof its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes aslong as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office ofthe Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422;e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org. Acknowledgement This handbook is a product of the Digital Vice Presidency at The World Bank Group (WBG). It was prepared by Johan Bjurman Bergman (Digital Specialist, Artificial Intelligence (AI) Business Line(Lead Author)) and Sharmista Appaya (Lead, AI Business Line & Task Team Leader) with substantialinputs from Yolanda Lannquist (Consultant), Jane Munga (Consultant), and Aishwarya Viswanathan(Consultant). Christine Zhenwei Qiang (Director, Digital Core) provided valuable strategic guidance.The team would like to thank the peer reviewers Gian Boeddu (Senior Financial Sector Specialist),Meritxell Martinez (Senior Operations Officer, IFC), Tim Kelly (Lead Digital Specialist), Tiago Peixoto(Senior Digital Specialist), and Sharada Srinivasan (Economist) for their contributions. The team thanksAldo Morri for editorial support, and Big Blue Communications for design and layout assistance. This handbook is part of The World Bank’s Artificial Intelligence Playbook currently being developed.It will continue to evolve to capture emerging technological advancements and to support the needsof policymakers. The team is grateful to the Digital Development Partnership for co-financing the development ofthe handbook. Abbreviations Contents How to Use this Handbookix Introduction and Background1 1.1 Artificial Intelligence Strategies and Development11.2 Developing a Strategic Approach to AI at the National Level31.3 Approaches to National Strategies on AI5 Key Building Blocks of a National Strategic Approach to AI103.1 Key Building Blocks of a National AI Strategy10 A Framework Process for Developing a Strategic Approach to AI 4.1 Module 1: Get Set Up214.2 Module 2: Map the Landscape254.3 Module 3: Set the Direction334.4 Module 4: Define the Focus394.5 Module 5: Shape Actions534.6 Module 6: Prepare for Implementation594.7 Module 7: Adopt, Launch, and Adjust69 References 71 ANNEX A: (Sample) Artificial Intelligence Taskforce, Terms of Reference74 ANNEX B: Reference Examples of International AI Policies and Strategies77 80 I.Guide for conducting stakeholder interviews80II.Guide for conducting consultation workshops81Tentative Agenda for Initial Workshop—Mission & Vision Workshop83 ANNEX D: National Artificial Intelligence Strategy Handbook:Communications Plan Toolkit85 Devising a Strategic Approach to Artificial Intelligence:A Handbook for Policy Makers List of Figures Figure 1.1:Number of Countries Featuring a Specific Theme in the Mission and Vision Statement ofTheir National AI Strategy4Figure 3.1:Key Building Blocks of a National Strategic Approach to AI11Figure 3.2:AI Foundations12Figure 3.3:AI Enablers13Figure 3.4:AI Services15Figure 3.5:AI Users and Builders18Figure 4.1:Development Framework for a National Strategic Approach to AI—Modules,Actions, and Timeline20Figure 4.2:AI Task Force Internal Teams Model23Figure 4.3:AI Task Force Hub-and-Spoke Model24Figure 4.4:Sri Lanka’s National AI Strategy27Figure 4.5:AI Foundations for Review31Figure 4.6:AI Enablers for Review31Figure 4.7:Simplified AI value chain and potential ways for LMIC firms to engage in related activities36Figure 4.8:AI Services Outlined in the AI Strategy Framework Represent Common Priority Sectorsfor AI Integration39Figure 4.9:Malaysia’s Priority Sectors and Related Use Cases41Figure 4.10:National AI strategies converge on a few sectors which are important for both social andeconomic development (number of analyzed National AI strategies that feature a specificpriority sector)42Figure 4.11:Brazil’s AI Plan Pillars46Figure 4.12:Ireland’s National Artificial Intelligence Strategy46Figure 4.13:国务院关于印发新一代人工智能发展规划的通知_科技_中国政府网and peer reviewedtrans