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尼泊尔-2025-2031财政年度国家伙伴关系框架

公用事业2025-06-06世界银行浮***

AI智能总结

核心观点：尼泊尔在过去 30 年中取得了显著的减贫成就，但其经济增长主要依赖于侨汇和消费，缺乏可持续的国内增长和就业创造。同时，尼泊尔极易受到自然灾害和气候变化的影响，使其发展面临严峻挑战。世界银行集团（WBG）为 2025-2031 财年与尼泊尔制定了国家合作框架（CPF），旨在帮助尼泊尔实现其发展目标，重点关注创造就业的增长和增强抵御自然灾害的能力。

关键数据：

尼泊尔 2022 年的贫困率为 0.37%，较 1995 年的 55% 有显著下降。
82% 的尼泊尔劳动力从事非正规就业，远高于全球和地区平均水平。
尼泊尔是全球最容易受到多种灾害影响的国家之一，包括地震、洪水和疾病爆发。
尼泊尔侨汇占其 GDP 的 25% 左右，对其经济增长起着重要作用。

研究结论：

尼泊尔需要采取有力措施，促进可持续的国内经济增长和就业创造，减少对侨汇的依赖。
尼泊尔需要加强应对自然灾害和气候变化的能力，建立更加弹性的社会保护体系。
WBG 的 CPF 将重点关注三个结果：更多更好的就业、连接的社区和绿色星球与有韧性的人口。
WBG 将通过政策改革、投资和知识支持等方式，帮助尼泊尔实现其发展目标。

主要内容：

国家背景和发展议程：尼泊尔正处于联邦制转型期，面临着政治不稳定、公共部门机构薄弱、经济增长缓慢、贫困和不平等问题。
WBG 合作框架： WBG 的 CPF 将重点关注两个主要挑战：创造就业的增长和抵御自然灾害的能力。
CPF 结果：
- 更多更好的就业：通过改善营商环境、支持城市中心和旅游业发展、提高教育和技能水平等措施，创造更多更好的就业机会。
- 连接的社区：通过改善交通基础设施、能源获取和可靠性、以及数字连接和服务，提高社区连接性。
- 绿色星球和有韧性的人口：通过加强危机和灾害准备机构框架、投资于降低建筑环境风险、加强家庭和社区韧性、以及支持更可持续的土地和自然资源利用，提高抵御自然灾害和气候变化的能力。
实施 CPF： WBG 将通过发展政策贷款、绩效基于操作、项目方法、投资项目融资、担保、分析和咨询服务以及技术援助等方式，实施 CPF。
管理风险： WBG 认识到 CPF 实施过程中存在政治治理、宏观经济、机构能力、财政、环境和社交等方面的风险，并将采取措施加以应对。

SouthAsia RegionSouthAsia RegionPublic Disclosure Authorized iiCURRENCY EQUIVALENTS(Exchange Rate Effective as ofApril 5, 2025)Currency Unit = Nepali Rupee (NPR)US$ 1 =NPR136.87FISCAL YEARJuly 16–July 15ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSAsian Development BankCatastrophe Deferred Drawdown OptionCountryClimate and Development ReportCountry Economic MemorandumCompletion and Learning ReviewCountry Program EvaluationCountry Partnership FrameworkDigital Financial ServicesDevelopment Policy CreditDisaster Risk ManagementDebt Sustainability AnalysisElectronicGovernmentProcurementEnvironment and Social FrameworkForeign and Commonwealth DevelopmentForeign Direct InvestmentGross Domestic ProductDeutsche Gesellschaft für InternationaleGross National IncomeGlobal Partnership for EducationGlobal and Regional Opportunities WindowInternational Development AssociationIndependent Evaluation GroupInternational Finance CorporationInternational Labour OrganizationInternational Monetary FundInvestment Project FinancingJapan International Cooperation AgencyKreditanstalt für WiederaufbauKorea World BankPartnership FacilityMAPSMethodology for Assessing ProcurementSystemsMDTFMulti-Donor Trust FundMIGAMultilateral Investment Guarantee AgencyMSMEMicro, Small, and Medium EnterprisesNDCNationally Determined ContributionsNEETNot inEducation, Employment, or TrainingNLSSNepal Living Standards SurveyNPRNepali RupeeOECDOrganization for Economic Co-operation andDevelopmentPBLPerformance-based LendingPFMPublic Financial ManagementPLRPerformance and Learning ReviewPPPPublic Private PartnershipPPPPurchasing Power ParityPSWPrivate Sector WindowSCDSystematic Country DiagnosticSDCSwiss Agency for Development andCooperationSDRSpecial Drawing RightsSMESmall and Medium EnterprisesSRSPShock-responsive Social ProtectionTATechnical AssistanceTFTrust FundsTSATreasury Single AccountUNDPUnited Nations Development ProgrammeUNESCOUnited Nations Educational, Scientific andCultural OrganizationWBThe World BankWBGWorld BankGroupWHOWorld Health OrganizationWorld BankIFCMartin RaiserRiccardoPulitiDavidN. SislenImad Najib Ayed FakhourySebnem Erol MadanSara GustafssonMahima Khanna iiiFY25-31COUNTRY PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORKFORNEPALINTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................1COUNTRY CONTEXT AND DEVELOPMENT AGENDA..............................................................22.1Social and Political Context.................................................................................................22.2Recent Economic Developments and Outlook......................................................................32.3Poverty and Shared Prosperity on a Livable Planet...............................................................52.4Main Development Challenges............................................................................................6WORLD BANK GROUP PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK.............................................................73.1 Government’s Program and Medium-Term Strategy.................................................................73.2 Lessons Learned and Feedback from Consultations...................................................................73.3 Overall Approach and Selectivity Going Forward......................................................................83.4Proposed CPF Program......................................................................................................10CPF Outcome 1: More and Better Jobs..................................................................................................11CPF Outcome 2: Connected Communities.............................................................................................14CPF Outcome 3: Green Planet and Resilient Populations......................................................................16IMPLEMENTING THE CPF...................................................................................................194.1Financing Envelope...........................................................................................................194.2Operationalizing the CPF...................................................................................................204.3Partnerships.....................................................................................................................224.4Knowledge and Data.........................................................................................................23MANAGING RISKS TO THE PROGRAM................................................................................23Annex 1: CPF Results Framework........................................................................................................IAnnex 2: Completion and Learning Review........................................................................................IIAnnex 3: Streamlined 2024 Systematic Country Diagnostic for Nepal...................................

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