灵活的建筑，弹性网格

Flexible buildings,resilient grids How rooftop solar strengthens the electricity system Foreword Welcome to our Flexible Buildings, Resilient Grids Report The European Union is at a turning point in its energy transition. For the first time, in 2024, EU solar-powered electricity outstripped coal. The way Europeans look at energy generation is changing.The bulk of the continent’s solar power comes from building installations, which make up aroundtwo-thirds (over 220 GW) of current EU solar capacity. Despite a recent slowdown in the rooftopsegment, after normalisation of power prices post energy crisis, PV on buildings still provided closeto 60% of Europe’s newly installed solar capacity in 2024. The prominence of rooftop solar is unlikely to change in the foreseeable. Solar on buildings willcontinue contributing the majority share of installations. The immovable truths of versatility,affordability, and energy security will help the segment weather headwinds. Now the task is ensuringthe smoothest development possible – and truly maximising the potential of solar buildings. The EU Joint Research Centre conservatively estimates that EU solar rooftops could host 1.1 TW.Beyond capacity potential, and their traditional role as passive energy consumers, solar buildingsoffer boundless flexibility potential for the wider energy system. Today, solar buildings are the digitalgateway to demand response; they support grid stability by integrating solar panels with batterystorage, heat pumps, electric vehicles, and smart energy management systems. Smart solarbuildings enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and strengthen grid reliability in mature solar markets. Our modelling shows, that by 2030, smart solar building solutions could meet more than half of EUdaily energy system flexibility needs, and a third of its annual flexibility needs. That means a morecost-effective system, resilient to shocks and strengthening Europe’s energy security. However, unlocking this potential requires concerted, co-ordinated effort in Brussels and EUcapitals. Policies must encourage flexibility through appropriate pricing mechanisms, widerdeployment of smart meters and submeters, technology incentives that optimise flexibility,streamlined data exchange, and fair access to competitive energy markets. The good news is that technical solutions and business models already exist today. A quicklygrowing smart buildings segment is explored by LCP Delta in chapter 1. Our flexibility case studiesfrom companies actively offering such commercial products (in chapter 4) further set out thetangible benefits to both citizens and grids, from energy-sharing communities to participation inbalancing markets. The path forward is clear. With the right policies, the solar sector and Europe’s citizens will furtherembrace solar buildings, and unlock clean, secure, affordable energy system flexibility. Enjoy reading. Michael SchmelaExecutive Advisor and Directorof Market Intelligence Walburga HemetsbergerChief Executive Officer Flexible buildings,resilient grids Project manager:Raffaele Rossi, SolarPower Europe Internal co-authors:Dries Acke, Catarina Augusto, Jonathan Gorremans, Jan Osenberg, Raffaele Rossi,& Michael Schmela, SolarPower Europe External co-authors:This report was conducted with the support of LCP Delta.Contributing authors: Jon Ferris & Lucinda Murley, LCP Delta Case study contributors:Tess Höke (encentive); Erik Wallner (CheckWatt); Dries Bols (LIFEPOWR); Benjamin Holsten(NODES); Mark Tong (Sigenergy); Kathrin Ziepprecht (SMA); Tommaso di Fonzo & Louis Sokal(SMATCH); Felix Dembski (sonnen); Audoin de Rochebouët (Zeplug-ChargeGuru) Acknowledgements:SolarPower Europe would like to extend a special thanks to all members that contributed theirknowledge and experience to this report. This would never have been possible without theircontinuous support. Please cite as:SolarPower Europe (2025):Flexible buildings, resilient grids: How rooftop solar strengthens theelectricity system For media use and queries:Bethany Meban, SolarPower Europeb.meban@solarpoweurope.org Date of publication:March 2025ISBN:9789464669268Contact:info@solarpowereurope.orgDesign:Onehemisphere AB, Sweden. contact@onehemisphere.seCover image:© fokke baarssen/shutterstock.comThanks to our Sponsor Members: Disclaimer:This report has been prepared by SolarPower Europe. It is being furnished to the recipientsfor general information only. Nothing in it should be interpreted as an offer or recommendation of anyproducts, services or financial products. This report does not constitute technical, investment, legal,tax or any other advice. Recipients should consult with their own technical, financial, legal, tax or otheradvisors as needed. This report is based on sources believed to be accurate. However, SolarPower Europedoes not warrant the accuracy or completeness of any information contained in this report. SolarPowerEurope assumes no obligation to update any information c