津巴布韦电子贸易准备情况评估

Policy reviewZimbabweeTrade Readiness Assessment iiRequests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the CopyrightClearance Centre at copyright.com.All other queries on rights and licences, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to:United Nations Publications405 East 42nd StreetNew York, New York 10017United States of AmericaEmail: publications@un.orgWebsite: https://shop.un.orgThe findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) anddo not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States.The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do notimply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerningthe legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning thedelimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.Mention of any firm or licensed process does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations.This publication has been edited externally.United Nations publication issued by the United NationsConference on Trade and DevelopmentUNCTAD/DTL/ECDE/2025/2ISBN: 978-92-1-003512-5eISBN: 978-92-1-107289-1ISSN: 2959-2658eISSN: 2959-2666Sales No. E.25.II.D.17 iiiAcknowledgementsThis eTrade Readiness Assessment (eT Ready) for Zimbabwe was prepared at UNCTAD byAlessandro Vitale, under the leadership and guidance of Martine Julsaint Kidane and CécileBarayre. Valuable contributions were also received from the Division on Technology and Logisticsand the Division on International Trade and Commodities of UNCTAD.UNCTAD gratefully acknowledges the essential support of Gibson Chigumira, national consultant,throughout the various phases of the eT Ready process.UNCTAD extends its appreciation to the team at the Ministry of Industry and Commerce,Zimbabwe, led by Thomas U. Wushe, Permanent Secretary, and in particular Douglas Runyowa,Chief Director Commerce, eT Ready Focal Point; Netai Loice Magade, Director, Commerce andConsumer Affairs; Thulani Chitopo, Deputy Director Commerce; and Cardwell Makomo, SeniorEconomist. Their continuous technical support and in-country coordination was crucial to thesuccess of the project activities and the timely completion of the report. Thanks also go to theteam of the United Nations Resident Coordinator Office in Zimbabwe, who facilitated coordinationwith resident development partners working in the area of digitalization to collectively supportthe Government of Zimbabwe.Comments and inputs provided by experts from the following eTrade for all partners havesubstantially improved the final report: International Civil Aviation Organization, South Centre,Universal Postal Union and United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL).In Geneva, the assessment was made possible thanks to the timely support of the PermanentMission of the Republic of Zimbabwe to the United Nations Office and other internationalorganizations in Geneva, and in particular Nesbert Samasuwo, Deputy Permanent Representative,and Diamond Njowa, Counsellor.UNCTAD further gratefully acknowledges all institutions and individuals from the public andprivate sectors, as well as non-State actors, who dedicated their time and participated in eTReady surveys and bilateral interviews and in focus group discussions (March 2024) and provideduseful inputs during the national validation workshops (November 2024) that took place in Harareand Bulawayo.This publication was edited by Olivier Steele. Desktop publishing was undertaken by ChristinaChristoforou. The cover design was provided by the UNCTAD Communication and ExternalRelations Section. Administrative support was provided by Diana Quiros.UNCTAD acknowledges its particular gratitude to the Ministry of the Interior and Safety ofthe Republic of Korea for the financial support provided for the preparation of this report.Financial support from other core donors to the UNCTAD E-commerce and the Digital EconomyProgramme is likewise greatly appreciated.This report was prepared with the financial support of the Government of the Republic of Korea. ivTable of contentsAcknowledgements..........................................................................iiiForeword..........................................................................................viiAbbreviations..................................................................................viiiNote...................................................................................................xExecutive Summary..........................................................................1Methodology.....................................................................................6Summary of Key Findings and Recommendations........................9Findings Under the Seven eTrade for All Policy Areas.................141.E-commerce Readiness Assessment and StrategyFormulation.................................................