保加利亚高等教育机构程序现代化：教育规划的中期评估和教训

Interim Evaluation and Lessons foreducation programming Modernisation of Higher EducationInstitutions Procedure in Bulgaria Interim Evaluation and Lessons for Educational Programming This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Membercountries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereigntyover any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, cityor area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlementsin the West Bank under the terms of international law. This document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can inno way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Please cite this publication as:OECD (2025),Modernisation of Higher Education Institutions Procedure in Bulgaria: Interim Evaluation and Lessons forEducational Programming, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/cddcd19e-en. Photo credits: Cover © alphaspirit.it / Shutterstock Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html. © OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by theterms of this licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Attribution– you must cite the work. Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text: In the event of any discrepancy betweenthe original work and the translation, only the text of original work should be considered valid. Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text: This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinionsexpressed and arguments employed in this adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Membercountries. Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtainingpermission from the third party and for any claims of infringement. You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work. Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) ArbitrationRules 2012. The seat of arbitration shall be Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword This report is an output under the OECD’s agreement to support the Evaluation Plan of Bulgaria’sProgramme “Education” 2021-2027. Thomas Wekowas the lead evaluator and author of this report. Zhasmin Avetisyan conducted the researchand analysis and contributed as co-author to several sections of the report. Cassie Hague led andcoordinated the process, offering editorial guidance and co-authoring some sections of the report.Administrative support was provided by Daiana Torres Lima and Christina Mitrakos. Sophie Limogescoordinated the report’s production. The report was prepared with oversight from Elizabeth Fordham, Deputy Head, and Paulo Santiago, Headof the Policy Advice and Implementation (PAI) Division within the Directorate for Education and Skills atthe OECD, under the leadership of Andreas Schleicher. The authors are grateful for the oversight providedby the OECD’s Education PolicyCommittee (EDPC). External evaluation expert, Professor Manuel Souto-Otero from the University of Bristol, is gratefullyacknowledged for his invaluable insights and feedback on the draft report. Theauthors wish to thank the Executive Agency“Programme Education”for their assistance incoordinating the evaluation logistics and facilitating productive discussions with stakeholders. Their viewof evaluation as a learning tool was a driving force behind the evaluation and its areas of focus. The project wasfunded by the European Union and European Commission staff who provided input aregratefully acknowledged. The authors extend their gratitude to all individuals in Bulgaria who participated in the data collectionprocess, including interviewees and focusgroup participants from Higher Education Institutions. Their inputand insights shape the findings and recommendations of this evaluation. Table of contents Foreword3 Executive Summary6 1 Overview7 Key findings by evaluation criteria7Promising practices9Lessons and recommendations9Definitions10References11Notes11 2 Introduction, Background and C