生成型人工智能：改变世界的技术

Content Introduction3 Understanding Generative AI5 GenAI: A jack of all trades11 Using GenAI in the banking sector15 Expertise coupled with risk21 Guidelines for the use of GenAI in the bankingindustry24 Krungsri Research view: Banks to be carefulabout how they approach GenAI deployment26 References28 Unlessexplicitlystatedotherwise,thispublicationandallmaterialthereinisunder the copyright ofKrungsriResearch. As such, the reuse, reproduction, oralteration of this text or any part thereof is absolutely prohibited without priorwrittenconsent.Thisreportdrawsonawiderangeofwell-establishedandtrustworthysources,butKrungsriResearchcanmakenoguaranteeoftheabsolute veracity of the material cited. Moreover,KrungsriResearch will not beheld responsible for any losses that may occur either directly or indirectly fromany use towhich this reportorthe datacontained therein maybe put.Theinformation,opinions,andjudgementsexpressedinthisreportarethoseofKrungsriResearch, but this publication does not necessarily reflect the opinionsof Bank ofAyudhyaPublic Company Limited or of any other companies withinthe same commercial group. This report is an accurate reflection of the thinkingand opinions ofKrungsriResearch as of the day of publication, but we reservethe right to change those opinions without prior notice. For research subscription, contactkrungsri.research@krungsri.com Introduction Parinya Mingsakul Nathanon Ratanathamwat and (Senior Analyst)nathanon.rattanathamwat@krungsri.com Analystparinya.mingsakul@krungsri.com+662296 2980 Pimnara Hirankasi, Ph.D. (Head of Research Division)pimnara.hirankasi@krungsri.com In 2023, no technology has shaken the world quite like generative AI has, or ‘GenAI’, which unlike older forms oftechnology is creative or ‘generative’ across a wide range of media, and the emergence of GenAI in fact marks amajor step forward in the erosion of the boundaries separating the human world from that of machines.Progress in this field has been astonishingly rapid, and public uptake of GenAI services has been equally swiftand ChatGPT,1/an intelligent chatbot developed by OpenAI,2/clocked up more than 100 million users within justtwo months of becoming publicly available in November 2022,3/the fastest adoption rate of any application inhistory.4/Furthermore, GenAI-generated images have even won top prizes in global photographycompetitions.5/With GenAI's capabilities, it has been hailed as a groundbreaking technology that is drivingmajor transformations, not only for individuals but also for businesses, including the banking sector. However, the combination of AI’s rapid emergence and its far-reaching capabilities has prompted widespreadquestioning of what the benefits of this technology will be, what impacts it will have on humanity, and whatprinciples should guide its adoption.In light ofthe likely revolutionary consequences of the latter, it isimperative that all stakeholders, including the banking sector, carefully consider what repercussions GenAIadoption will have for them and how best to use these systems to their advantage. Figure 1: Time Taken for Apps to Reach One Million Users ‘The Electrician’, an AI-Generated Prize-Winning Photograph “In my lifetime, I’ve seen two demonstrations of technologythat struck me as revolutionary. The first time was in 1980,when I was introduced to a graphical user interface. […]The second big surprise came just last year. I’d been meetingwith the team fromOpenAI.” Bill Gate21 March 25666/ Understanding Generative AI Generative AI, or Generative Artificial Intelligence, is a type of AI thatis able togenerate novel output notpresent in its training data, and this ability to ‘think’ creatively marks a significant break with earlierassumptions that creativity was a uniquely human trait. Moreover, GenAIis able toproduce output in a rangeof forms, and in addition to responding in text to text-based queries and inputs, they can produce images, audioand video; they can design; they can produce computer code; and they can generate synthetic data.7/ Box 1:The background of GenAIBox 1 GenAI falls under the category of deep learning technology, which is one of the techniques in the field ofartificial intelligence aimed at enhancing machine intelligence, or artificial intelligence (Figure 3).The intelligent behavior of GenAI derives from a ‘foundation model’, a type of neural network that hasbeen trained on vast data sets and that generates an equally large number of parameters.8/Underlyingfoundation models are then fine-tuned to make these more suitable for various applications. Types of AI The background of GenAI (cont.) Box 1 Figure 4: How Foundation Models Work GenAIlearns from training data that they are fed, analyzing the patterns, structures and characteristics of this togenerate human-like output that, rather than being copied from any underlying data, is genuinely novel.Because of the way that GenAI works, the more data that is fed into th