WHO设计原则和工具，以提高WHO指南的使用和影响

November 2024 WHO design principles andtools to improve use andimpact of WHO guidelines Overview WHO design principles and tools to improve use and impact of WHO guidelinesisa practical guide to support the design of WHO guidelines and other normativeproducts. It starts with understanding who the end users of a guideline are, whattheir needs are, and what they hope to achieve by implementing a guideline.Ultimately, WHO is interested in developing products that are driven by countryneeds, improving implementation and measurable impact at country level. The Design Principles and Tools are created for WHO technical staff whoare responsible for the overall scoping, design, development, production,dissemination and implementation of WHO guidelines and other technicalproducts. They provide guideline developers with resources that can be appliedduring conceptualization, development and writing stages, as well as during theprocess of adapting and implementing a guideline at country level. The Principlesand Tools can enhance the ease of use of guidelines, and in combination withexisting resources assist the development of technical content and promoterelevant house style. The Principles apply to the work of responsible technicalofficers, authors, editors, and graphic designers who are involved in guidelinedevelopment. The Tools include resources and templates that help put thePrinciples into practice. The Principles and Tools are designed to be used bydifferent individuals, actors and/or stakeholders at various stages along theguideline development process. WHO design principles and tools to improve use and impact of WHO guidelinesshould be viewed as complementary to existing documentation that supportsthe development of WHO guidelines, such as theWHO Handbook for GuidelineDevelopment, WHO Style Guide and WHO Style Guide Chapter 6,WHO Handbookfor the Development of Normative Products, and WHO Brand Guidance, amongstothers. Aligned with existing publications, the Principles and Tools outlineapproaches that have been informed by iterative co-design engagement with endusers of WHO guidelines, amongst others. Aligned with existing publications, thePrinciples and Tools outline approaches that have been informed by iterativeco-design engagement with end users and developers of WHO guidelines.1 How the Principles were developed WHO design principles and tools to improve use and impact of WHO guidelinesisa set of design considerations and techniques that are informed by evidence to support guideline design and improve guideline use. They have been co-createdby the Product Design and Impact Unit (in the Department of Quality Assurance,Norms and Standards, QNS) at the World Health Organization and MonashUniversity’s Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture (Department of Design). The work is informed by insights gathered from interviews that QNS hasconducted with over 70 end-users, including policy advisors, advocacy groups,WHO collaborating centers, journalists, design experts and a focus group withpatient representatives. Consultations showed that lack of a systematic approachto guideline design resulted in a disjunct between the authors of guidelines and theindividuals who use them. This was identified as a limitation to meaningful use ofguidelines by countries. The WHO Design Principles and Tools were developed over two years (2022-2024),in four separate co-design workshops, involving participants from 15 countries. The first workshop (April 2022) was used to discuss how the guideline creationprocess can be improved to make guidelines more accessible and easier to use,thus improving the likelihood of their implementation and impact. Participantsworked through a fictional scenario to identify barriers to guideline use andreviewed a redesigned guideline chapter aimed at enhancing engagement andnavigation of guidelines. Their insights contributed to the development of theDesign Principles. During the second workshop (September 2022) participants worked with afictional scenario and four personas representing professionals involved inguideline creation and dissemination. Participants assessed how the draft DesignPrinciples could be applied in practical terms, offering actionable insights for “re-prototyping” the Principles. The second workshop also commenced creation of theDesign Tools. The third workshop (September 2023) was with WHO headquarters staff,which included experts in the areas of accessibility, clarity, translation and thepublishing process. This workshop focused on the Design Principles related toaccessibility, clarity and translation and participants evaluated the Design Toolsthat were relevant to these Principles. Workshop insights contributed to furthervalidation of the Design Principles and the refinement of the Tools to ensure theirapplicability and complementarity with existing WHO tools. The fourth and final workshop (June 2024) reviewed and validated the revisedTools related to accessibility,