ARK’S Big Ideas 2025 Risks Of Investing In Innovation Please note: Companies that ARK believes are capitalizing on disruptive innovation and developing technologies to displace oldertechnologies or create new markets may not in fact do so. ARK aims to educate investors and seeks to size the potential investmentopportunity, noting that risks and uncertainties may impact our projections and research models. Investors should use the contentpresented for informational purposes only, and be aware of market risk, disruptive innovation risk, regulatory risk, and risks related tocertain innovation areas. Please read risk disclosure carefully. Table Of Contents BIG IDEAS2025 Unlocking ExponentialGrowth ThroughDisruptive Innovation As we stand on the cusp of a new era of unprecedented growth,ARKInvest’s“Big Ideas 2025” illuminates the complexconvergences between and among the five technologicallyenabled innovation platforms evolving today: ArtificialIntelligence, Robotics, Energy Storage, Public Blockchains, andMultiomicSequencing. These platforms should drive exponentialadvances across industries and catalyze a step change in globaleconomic growth. Presented in this year’s report are 11 Big Ideas illustrating themassive transformations occurring today. Our research suggeststhat these Big Ideas are poised to boost productivity dramatically,to revolutionize industries, and to create long-term investmentopportunities. Join our journey into the future of innovation and its profoundimplications for investors, businesses, and society at large. Welcome to ARK’s Big Ideas 2025. The SecondHalf Of TheChessboard Convergence AmongTechnology Platforms LeadingTo Significant Acceleration InMacroeconomic Growth Brett WintonC H I E F F U T U R I S T Five Innovation Platforms Are Catalyzing Accelerated Growth MultiomicsThe cost to gather, sequence, and understand AI Public Blockchains digital biological data is falling precipitously.Multiomic Technologiesprovide research scientists,therapeutic organizations, and health platformswith unprecedented access to DNA, RNA, protein,and digital health data. Cancer care shouldtransform with pan-cancer blood tests. Fed by richmultiomic data and powered byProgrammableBiology, AI systems running autonomous labscould collapse the cost of drug discovery,development, and trial, transforming returns in asector that has stagnated.Biological discoveriesshould power novelPrecision Therapiesthat targetand cure rare diseases and chronic conditions,unlocking profound economics. Over time, thedesign and synthesis of novel biological constructswill yield advances in agriculture, material science,and even computation. Computational systems and software that evolve withdata can solve intractable problems, automate knowledgework, and accelerate technology’s integration into everyeconomic sector. The adoption ofNeural Networksshouldprove more momentous than electrification andpotentially createtens of trillion dollars of value. At scale,these systems will require unprecedented computationalresources, and AI-specific compute hardware shoulddominate theNext Gen Clouddatacenters that train andoperate AI models. The potential for end-users is clear: aconstellation of AI-drivenIntelligent Devicesthatpermeate people's lives, changing the way that they spend,work, and play. The adoption of artificial intelligenceshould transform every sector, impact every business, andcatalyze every innovation platform. Upon large-scale adoption, all money and contractswill likely migrate onto Public Blockchains thatenableand verifydigital scarcityand proof ofownership. The financial ecosystem is likely toreconfigure to accommodate the rise ofCryptocurrenciesandSmart Contracts. These technologies increase transparency, reduce theinfluence of capital and regulatory controls, andcollapse the costs of contract execution. In such aworld,Digital Walletswill become increasinglynecessary as more assets become money-like andcorporations and consumers adapt to the newfinancial infrastructure. Corporate structures maybe called into question. Energy StorageThe declining costs ofAdvanced Battery Technologyshould cause an explosionin form factors, enablingAutonomous Mobilitysystems thatcollapse the cost of transportation.Electric drivetrain cost declinesshould unlock micro-mobility and aerial systems, including flying taxis,enabling business models that transform cities. Autonomy should reducethe cost of taxi, delivery, and surveillance by an order of magnitude,enabling frictionless transport that will increase the velocity of e-commerce and make individual car ownership the exception rather thanthe rule. These innovations combined with large-scale stationary batteriesandDistributed Energy Generation, notably solar and small-scale fission,should cause a transformation in energy, substituting electricity for liquidfuel and increasing system-wide resilience, reliability, and production. RoboticsCatalyzed by artificial intellig