应用城市化程度：定义城市、城镇和农村地区以进行国际比较的方法手册2025

A METHODOLOGICAL MANUAL TO DEFINECITIES, TOWNS AND RURAL AREASFOR INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS 2021 edition Applying theDegree of Urbanisation A METHODOLOGICAL MANUAL TO DEFINECITIES, TOWNS AND RURAL AREASFOR INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS 2021 edition2021 edition Manuscript completed in December 2020 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of anyopinion whatsoever on the part of the European Commission, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO), the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation andDevelopment (OECD) or The World Bank concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or ofits authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products ofmanufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended bythe European Commission, the FAO, UN-Habitat, the OECD or The World Bank in preference to others of a similar nature that arenot mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position,views or policies of the European Commission, the FAO, UN-Habitat, the OECD or of its member countries or The World Bank, itsBoard of Executive Directors or the governments they represent. European Union identifiersPDF:ISBN 978-92-76-20306-3 doi: 10.2785/706535KS-02-20-499-EN-N FAO identifier ISBN 978-92-5-134073-8 UN-Habitat identifiersISBN 978-92-1-132866-0HS number: HS/019/20E © European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank, 2021. Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGOlicence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode) (the “Licence”). Under the terms of this Licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, providedthat the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that the European Commission,the FAO, UN-Habitat, the OECD or The World Bank endorse any specific organisation, products or services. The use of theEuropean Commission, the FAO, UN-Habitat, the OECD or The World Bank logos is not permitted. If the work is adapted,including translation, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons Licence. If a translation of thiswork is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created bythe European Commission, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations HumanSettlements Programme (UN-Habitat), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) or The WorldBank. The European Commission, the FAO, UN-Habitat, the OECD or The World Bank are not responsible for the content oraccuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the authoritative edition”. Disputes arising under the Licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as describedin Article8 of the Licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of theWorld Intellectual Property Organisation http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be in accordancewith the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). For any clarifications on the re-use of this work, you may contact the Publications Office copyright service atop-copyright@publications.europa.eu. The European Union does not own the copyright in relation to the following elements: cover photo, Alessandro Pinto/Shutterstock.com; maps, administrative boundaries © EuroGeographics © UN-FAO © Turkstat. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2021 Foreword In March 2020, the UN Statistical Commission endorsed a newmethodology to define cities, towns and rural areas and urgedthat a technical report on how to apply this methodologybe released as early as possible. This manual responds to thatrequest. It presents in full detail how to classify an entire territoryalong the urban-rural continuum into one of three distinctclasses: cities; towns and semi-dense areas; and rural areas. The United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals, and severalother global agendas, call for the production of harmonisedstatistics for urban and rural areas. These indicators wereharmonised, but the definition of the territories was left open.This meant that national statistical authorities used their owndefinitions of urban and rural areas. These national definitionsuse a variety of approaches, indicators and thresholds, whichlimits the international comparability of these areas. To resolve this issue, s