2024年工业生产脱碳报告：评估水泥行业脱碳措施并确定路线图

子任务3：评估水泥行业脱碳措施并确定路线图 作者： Dietmar Schüwer、Georg Holtz、Valentin Espert伍珀塔尔气候、环境和能源研究所（伍珀塔尔）Philine Warnke弗劳恩霍夫系统与创新研究所（ISI）（卡尔斯鲁厄）参与人员：Jacqueline Klingen、Ansgar Taubitz（伍珀塔尔研究所）Ali Aydemir（弗劳恩霍夫系统与创新研究所） 编写单位：德国联邦环境署Umweltbundesamt 为了人类与环境 气候变化40/2024 德国联邦环境、自然保护、核安全和消费者保护部 研究项目编号：3719 41 303 0FB001169/CHI 工业生产脱碳 子任务3：评估水泥行业脱碳措施并确定路线图 作者： Dietmar Schüwer、Georg Holtz、Valentin Espert伍珀塔尔气候、环境和能源研究所（伍珀塔尔） Philine Warnke弗劳恩霍夫系统与创新研究所（ISI）（卡尔斯鲁厄） 参与人员： Jacqueline Klingen、Ansgar Taubitz（伍珀塔尔研究所）Ali Aydemir（弗劳恩霍夫系统与创新研究所） 德国联邦环境署（UBA）委托编写 德国国际合作机构（GIZ）中德气候变化合作-支持国家自主贡献实施项目为本报告的中文编译提供支持，该项目受国际气候倡议（IKI）资助。 版本说明 编写单位 德国联邦环境署地址：Wörlitzer Platz 106844 Dessau-Roßlau（德绍-罗斯劳）电话：+49 340-2103-0传真：+49 340-2103-2285buergerservice@uba.de网址：www.umweltbundesamt.de 研究单位：伍珀塔尔气候、环境和能源研究所有限公司地址：Döppersberg 1942103 Wuppertal（伍珀塔尔） 截稿时间：2022年7月 编辑：专业部门III2.2资源保护、材料循环、矿业和金属工业Christian Lehmann、Maja Bernicke 本刊物的PDF版本请见：www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen ISSN 1862-4359 德绍-罗斯劳，2023年2月 本文作者对内容负责。 摘要：工业生产脱碳——水泥行业脱碳路线图 德国计划到2045年实现温室气体中和。2021年，德国工业部门的排放量约为1.81亿吨二氧化碳当量，占全德温室气体排放量的24%，仅次于能源行业，位居第二1。约三分之二的工业排放来自于能源密集型行业，其中钢铁和水泥行业的排放量占一半以上。钢铁和水泥行业的工艺流程决定了该行业排放基数大，过程温度高。因此，该行业在脱碳方面面临着巨大的挑战。而钢铁和水泥行业脱碳对实现温室气体中和至关重要。 能源密集型行业的脱碳需要创新的技术理念和配套的长期政策框架。我们应尽早制定政策框架，推动行业行动主体转型，为转型所需的投资提供最大的规划保障。在本项目中，研究人员为钢铁（由弗劳恩霍夫系统与创新研究所主导）和水泥行业（由伍珀塔尔研究所主导）制定了脱碳路线图。本文介绍了子任务3的水泥行业脱碳路线图，阐述了该部门当前的脱碳技术方案，以及如何逐步实施这些方案，存在哪些推动或阻碍技术路径实施的影响因素，行动主体在短期、中期或长期可在哪些行动领域采取哪些措施。 在为期两年半的公众参与过程中，项目通过一系列的研讨会、专家访谈和其他活动，吸引了来自产业界、行业协会、社群团体、政府机关、主管部门和学术界的众多利益相关方参与。社会各界的参与确保了项目成果公开透明、参与度高且切实可行。项目为德国水泥和混凝土行业制定了脱碳的总体路线图，描述了所有技术杠杆、相关驱动因素、障碍和行动领域以及深入细致的“热能”、“新型水泥和混凝土建筑技术”、“碳捕集利用与封存（CCUS）”三个子领域的详细路线图。 Abstract: DekarbInd–Key points of a roadmap for the decarbonisation of the cement industry Germany is to become greenhouse gas neutral by 2045. In 2021, the German industrial sectoremitted about 181 million tonnes of CO2equivalents. This means that it accounts for 24 percentof national greenhouse gas emissions and is the second largest source of emissions in Germanyafter the energy industry2. About two thirds of industrial emissions come from energy-intensiveindustry. The steel and cement industries in turn cause more than half of these emissions and areparticularly challenging due to their process-related emissions and high process temperatures.The decarbonisation of the steel and cement industries is therefore central to achievinggreenhouse gas neutrality. The decarbonisation of energy-intensive industry requires innovative technological concepts andsuitable, long-term political framework conditions that open up transformation paths for industryplayers at an early stage and offer the greatest possible planning security for the necessaryinvestments. In the project, the researchers developed key points for roadmaps for thedecarbonisation of the steel industry (led by Fraunhofer ISI) and the cement industry (led by theWuppertal Institute). The cornerstones of a roadmap for the cement industry developed in workpackage 3 and presented here give concrete indications of which technological concepts fordecarbonisation exist in this industry sector, how these can be implemented over time, whichdrivers and barriers favour or inhibit these technological paths, and which measures can beimplemented by actors in various fields of action in the short, medium and long term. In a two-and-a-half-year participation process, the project involved numerous stakeholders fromindustry, associations, social interest groups, politics, authorities and science through a series ofworkshops and interviews with experts as well as other events. This involvement enabledtransparency, participation and practical relevance of the results. The result is an overall roadmapfor the decarbonisation of the German cement and concrete industry, which presents an overviewofall technological levers and associated drivers,barriers and fields of action.This issupplemented by three detailed roadmaps for the subsectors "Thermal energy supply", " Newcements and concrete technologies " and "CO2capture and use or storage (CCUS)", which areexamined in depth. 7目录目录.........................................................................................................................................................7图片目录...............................................................................................................................................10表格目录...............................................................................................................................................11缩略语目录...........................................................................................................................................12综述.......................................................................................................................................................141背景......................................................................................................................