2023共建“一带一路”国家汽车产业绿色发展现状研究

⹄ウഒ䱏* ᱦߜ䎥ѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨ࢟ᙫ㓿⨶ᗀṁᶠѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨ⭏ᘱъ࣑䜘䜘䮯䎥᰾ᾐѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨ⭏ᘱъ࣑䜘㔯㢢վ⻣⹄ウᇔᇔѫԫᆉ 䬼ѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨ⭏ᘱъ࣑䜘㔯㢢վ⻣⹄ウᇔ૘䈒уᇦᕐ ᔧѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨ⭏ᘱъ࣑䜘૘䈒ѫԫ⹄ウઈᕐ ྽ѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨ⭏ᘱъ࣑䜘㔯㢢վ⻣⹄ウᇔ儈㓗ѫ㇑঒᷇ጠѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨ⭏ᘱъ࣑䜘㔯㢢վ⻣⹄ウᇔ૘䈒⹄ウઈᵾ⴬᮷Āаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ਁኅഭ䱵㚄ⴏ〈Җ༴儈㓗亩ⴞѫ㇑㣡⪎⾕     Āаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ਁኅഭ䱵㚄ⴏ〈Җ༴儈㓗亩ⴞѫ㇑ *ᵜᣕ੺⭡Āаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ਁኅഭ䱵㚄ⴏ〈Җ༴৺ਸ֌Չդѝ⊭ѝᗳѝ⊭ᮠᦞᴹ䲀ޜਨޡ਼㕆߉DŽ⹄ウഒ䱏ⲴᡀઈԕަњӪ䓛ԭ৲࣐⹄ウᐕ֌DŽ ⴞᖅ ᢗ㹼᪈㾱.......................................................... iㅜаㄐᕅ䀰....................................................... 1 аǃ⹄ウ㛼Ჟ..................................................1Ҽǃ⹄ウⴞḷ..................................................4йǃ⹄ウሩ䊑..................................................4ഋǃ⹄ウ䐟㓯..................................................4 ㅜҼㄐѝഭǃ⅗ⴏ৺㖾ഭ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁߥኅᛵ........................ 7 аǃѝഭ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ..................................7 (а)ӗъਁኅᾲߥ..........................................7(Ҽ)ӗъ᭯ㆆ䇮䇑.........................................10(й)ӗ૱㔯㢢⎸䍩.........................................15 Ҽǃ⅗ⴏ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ.................................17 (а)ӗъਁኅᾲߥ.........................................17(Ҽ)ӗъ᭯ㆆ䇮䇑.........................................18(й)ӗ૱㔯㢢⎸䍩.........................................23 йǃ㖾ഭ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ.................................24 (а)ӗъਁኅᾲߥ.........................................24(Ҽ)ӗъ᭯ㆆ䇮䇑.........................................25(й)ӗ૱㔯㢢⎸䍩.........................................29 ㅜйㄐᔪޡ“аᑖа䐟”ഭᇦ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁߥኅᛵ................... 33 аǃᯠ࣐එ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ...............................33Ҽǃই䶎⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ.................................35йǃ㪑㨴⢉⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ...............................39ഋǃ״㖇ᯟ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ...............................41ӄǃ⌠ഭ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ.................................43 ǃޝঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥ...........................46 ㅜഋㄐ ਁኅ⧠⣦о䰞仈䇶࡛........................................ 51 аǃ਴ഭᇦ൷᧘ࠪ啃࣡᧚ᯭ.....................................51Ҽǃ⭥≄ॆ䎻࣯㔗㔝࣐ᕪ.......................................51йǃ਴ഭਁኅ⧠⣦ᐞ䐍䖳བྷ.....................................52 аǃഭᇦቲ䶒.................................................55Ҽǃ㹼ъቲ䶒.................................................56йǃԱъቲ䶒.................................................56 ৲㘳᮷⥞......................................................... 57 䱴Ԧ1ѝഭ⭏ᘱ⊭䖖䇔䇱ᤷḷփ㌫................................... 61 ᢗ㹼᪈㾱 䲿⵰ц⭼ᙗⲴ㠚❦䍴Ⓚн䏣ǃ⭏ᘱ⧟ໍາᚦॆԕ৺≄ىਈॆㅹ䰞仈нᯝѕጫˈޘ⨳㓿⍾໎䮯䶒Ѥѕጫ᥁ᡈˈ᧘ࣘ㓿⍾ਁኅ㔯㢢䖜රᱟབྷ࣯ᡰ䎻DŽޘ⨳ѫ㾱ഭᇦᐢ൘࣐ᕪਸ֌ˈޡ਼᧘䘋ޘ⨳㔯㢢䖜රˈ䙊䗷᭩ਈ㓿⍾ਁኅᯩᔿǃՈॆӗъ㔃ᶴˈӾ儈⊑ḃǃ儈ᧂ᭮ǃ儈⎸㙇ⲴĀй儈ā㋇᭮ᔿਁኅ⁑ᔿ䖜ਈᡀ儈᭸⳺ǃ儈᭸⦷ǃ儈ᗚ⧟Ⲵ㔯㢢ਁኅᯩᔿˈ䎠⭏ӗਁኅǃ⭏⍫ᇼ㼅ǃ⭏ᘱ㢟ྭⲴ᮷᰾ਁኅ䚃䐟DŽ ⊭䖖ӗъሩҾц⭼䖳ཊഭᇦ⢩࡛ᱟਁ䗮ഭᇦᶕ䈤ᐢᡀѪ䶎ᑨ䟽㾱Ⲵ᭟ḡӗъˈሩц⭼㓿⍾ਁኅ઼⽮Պ䘋↕ӗ⭏ҶᐘབྷⲴ֌⭘DŽⴞࡽˈ⊭䖖ӗъਁ䗮ഭᇦ൷ᐢ᧘ࣘ⊭䖖ӗъੁ㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රˈԕᇎ⧠ਟᤱ㔝ਁኅˈᒦ䙀↕ത㔅㔯㢢վ⻣ᖒᡀᯠⲴㄎҹՈ࣯DŽնᱟˈ਴ഭ㓿⍾ਁኅ≤ᒣ⴨ᐞ䖳བྷˈཊᮠޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦ⊭䖖ӗъ䗵䙏ਁኅᡰᑖᶕⲴ⧟ໍາ⊑ḃǃ㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇䰞仈ᰕ⳺ࠨᱮˈо㔯㢢վ⻣儈䍘䟿ਁኅᐞ䐍䖳བྷˈ࣐ѻᴹޣ᭯ㆆփ㌫ቊнᆼழˈԱъቲ䶒ҏቊᵚᴹ᭸ᇎᯭ㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රˈ䮯↔ԕᖰሶ൘ഭ䱵ᐲ൪䶒ѤᴤབྷⲴ঻࣋ˈф䳮ԕ㔤ᤱӗъⲴਟᤱ㔝ਁኅDŽ ൘↔㛼ᲟлˈѪᑞࣙޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦᇎᯭ㔯㢢䖜රˈᨀॷ⊭䖖ӗ૱㔯㢢ㄎҹ࣋ˈ᧘ࣘ⊭䖖ӗъ㓿⍾᭸⳺о⭏ᘱ᭸⳺ޡ䎒ˈᵜᣕ੺䘹ਆᯠ࣐එǃই䶎ǃ㪑㨴⢉ǃ״㖇ᯟǃ⌠ഭǃঠᓖቬ㾯ӊ6њԓ㺘ᙗഭᇦˈӾ⊭䖖ӗъ⧠⣦ส⹰ᮠᦞǃ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᡈ⮕䇮䇑оѫ㾱᭯ㆆǃࡦ䙐ㄟ㔯㢢䖜රѮ᧚оᡀ᭸ǃ⎸䍩ㄟӗ૱Პ৺Ѯ᧚оᡀ᭸ㅹᯩ䶒ᔰኅ⹄ウDŽ਼ᰦˈᵜᣕ੺䘹ਆѝഭǃ⅗ⴏ઼㖾ഭ֌Ѫሩ➗㓴ˈሩ∄࠶᷀ޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᛵߥDŽ⹄ウ㺘᰾ˈޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦ⊭䖖㹼ъቊᆈ൘㕪ѿ㌫㔏фާփⲴ亦ቲ㿴ࡂǃਁኅ䙏ᓖਇ㓿⍾≤ᒣࡦ㓖ԕ৺ส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮䖳Ѫ┎ਾㅹ᥁ᡈDŽ䪸ሩ䇶࡛ࠪⲴ਴亩᥁ᡈˈᣕ੺Ӿഭᇦǃ㹼ъ઼Աъйњቲ䶒ሩޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅᨀࠪҶ᭯ㆆᔪ䇞DŽഭᇦቲ䶒ˈᓄ␡ॆޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭ䱵ਸ֌ˈ᭟ᤱᯠ㜭Ⓚ⊭䖖ӗъⲴਁኅˈࡦᇊ㌫㔏ᙗⲴ᭯ㆆᒦ᧘ࣘ㩭ൠㅹDŽ㹼ъቲ䶒ˈᓄᆼழ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢䖜ර䐟㓯മࡦ䇒ˈษ㛢㹼ъᵪᶴᕅሬ㔯㢢ਁኅˈ࣐ᕪ⊭䖖ӗъ⴨ޣӪ᡽䱏Խᔪ䇮ˈ᧘䘋ݵᦒ⭥ส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮ˈ࣐བྷ䍒〾䠁㶽᭟ᤱ࣋ᓖDŽԱъቲ䶒ˈᓄ࣐ᕪ㠚䓛㔯㢢ࡦ䙐㜭࣋ᔪ䇮ˈ࣐ᘛᐳተᯠ㜭Ⓚ⊭䖖ӗ૱ˈᒦᕅሬ㔯㢢ᣅ㶽䍴᭟ᤱDŽ ㅜаㄐᕅ䀰 жȽ⹊ガ㜂Ქ 2013ᒤ9ᴸ઼10ᴸˈѝഭഭᇦѫᑝҐ䘁ᒣ൘ࠪ䇯૸㩘ݻᯟඖ઼ঠᓖቬ㾯ӊᰦݸਾᨀޡࠪᔪĀэ㔨ѻ䐟㓿⍾ᑖā઼Ā21ц㓚⎧кэ㔨ѻ䐟āⲴ䟽བྷّ䇞DŽ㠚↔ԕᶕˈޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āّ䇞ᗇࡠҶ䎺ᶕ䎺ཊഭᇦ઼ഭ䱵㓴㓷Ⲵ〟ᶱ૽ᓄ[1]ˈਇࡠҶഭ䱵⽮ՊⲴᒯ⌋ޣ⌘ˈᖡ૽࣋ᰕ⳺ᢙབྷDŽᡚ㠣2023ᒤ1ᴸˈѝഭᐢ਼151њഭᇦ઼32њഭ䱵㓴㓷ㆮ㖢Ҷ200։ԭޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āਸ֌᮷ԦDŽ ᖃࡽˈޘ⨳㔯㢢ӗъ࣐䙏ਁኅˈཊഭ࣐ᘛࡦᓖࡋᯠ઼ᢰᵟ䶙ᯠ↕Հˈ᧘ࣘ㓿⍾ǃ㜭Ⓚ઼ӗъ㔃ᶴⲴ䖜රॷ㓗ˈԕᵏᇎ⧠㓿⍾⽮Պਟᤱ㔝ਁኅDŽ㚄ਸഭᐕъਁኅ㓴㓷ᣕ੺ᤷࠪˈ⨳ޘ䶒ሩ䍴Ⓚ⧟ໍາ঻࣋ˈ䗷৫10ᒤ䰤ˈ䎺ᶕ䎺ཊഭᇦࠪਠо㔯㢢ᣅ䍴⴨ޣⲴᡈ⮕᭯ㆆˈሶ᭟ᤱ㔯㢢ӗъਁኅ֌Ѫа亩ᡈ⮕䟽⛩DŽ⵰⵬Ҿਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⲴ㔯㢢ᣅ䍴ሩҾ㓿⍾ਁኅᖡ૽␡䘌DŽнቁഭᇦ൘࣐བྷ㔯㢢ᣅ䍴ǃ׳䘋㔯㢢ਁኅᯩ䶒䘋㹼Ҷ〟ᶱ᧒㍒઼ᇎ䐥ˈޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦҏ൘ࣚ࣋ᓄሩ⧟ໍາ≄ى᥁ᡈˈ᧘ࣘ㠚䓛㓿⍾㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රDŽ Āаᑖа䐟āнӵᱟ㓿⍾㑱㦓ѻ䐟ˈҏᱟ㔯㢢ਁኅѻ䐟DŽᔪޡ᧘䘋Āаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ਁኅˈᱟ䐥㹼㔯㢢ਁኅ⨶ᘥǃ᧘䘋⭏ᘱ᮷᰾ᔪ䇮Ⲵ޵൘㾱≲ˈᱟ〟ᶱᓄሩ≄ىਈॆǃ㔤ᣔޘ⨳⭏ᘱᆹޘⲴ䟽བྷѮ᧚ˈᱟ᧘䘋ޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟ā儈䍘䟿ਁኅǃᶴᔪӪо㠚❦⭏ભޡ਼փⲴ䟽㾱䖭փDŽ 2021ᒤ3ᴸˈljѝॾӪ≁ޡ઼ഭഭ≁㓿⍾઼⽮Պਁኅㅜॱഋњӄᒤ㿴ࡂ઼2035ᒤ䘌Ჟⴞḷ㓢㾱NJ˄ㆰ〠Āॱഋӄā㿴ࡂ˅ਁᐳˈ᰾⺞ᨀࠪĀॱഋӄāᰦᵏ㾱᧘ࣘޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟ā儈䍘䟿ਁኅˈ⿹ᤱ㔯㢢ǃᔰ᭮ǃᓹ⌱⨶ᘥˈ␡ॆ㔯㢢ਁኅ亶ฏⲴ⴨ޣਸ֌ˈ᧘ࣘᔪ䇮㔯㢢э㔨ѻ䐟DŽ2022ᒤ3ᴸˈഭᇦਁኅ᭩䶙ငǃཆӔ䜘ǃ⭏ᘱ⧟ໍາ䜘ǃ୶࣑䜘㚄ਸਁᐳljޣҾ᧘䘋ᔪޡĀаᑖа䐟ā㔯㢢ਁኅⲴ᜿㿱NJˈᨀࠪ㾶ⴆ9བྷ䟽⛩亶ฏⲴ15亩ާփԫ࣑ˈ䟽⛩ᨀ࣐ࠪᕪ㔯㢢Ӕ䙊亶ฏഭ䱵ਸ֌ˈࣙ࣋ޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦਁኅ㔯㢢Ӕ䙊ˈ〟ᶱ᧘ࣘഭ䱵⎧䘀઼ഭ䱵㡚オվ⻣ਁኅˈ᧘ᒯᯠ㜭Ⓚ઼␵⌱㜭Ⓚ䖖㡩ㅹ㢲㜭վ⻣රӔ䙊ᐕާˈ᧘ᒯᲪ㜭Ӕ䙊ѝഭᯩṸDŽފⲴҼॱབྷᣕ੺ᤷࠪˈޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āᐢᡀѪ␡ਇ⅒䗾Ⲵഭ䱵ޡޜӗ૱઼ഭ䱵ਸ֌ᒣਠˈ㾱㔗㔝᧘ࣘޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟ā儈䍘䟿ਁኅDŽ Ѫᓄሩ≄ىਈॆˈ㩭ᇎljᐤ哾ॿᇊNJ㾱≲ˈՇཊഭᇦ㓧㓧ᨀࠪҶ⻣ѝ઼ⴞḷDŽᡚ㠣2022ᒤ4ᴸˈޘ⨳ᐢᴹ131њഭᇦࠪڊ⻣ѝ઼᢯䈪DŽӔ䙊ᱟ䟽㾱Ⲵ⻣ᧂ᭮䜘䰘ˈᖃࡽѝഭӔ䙊亶ฏ⻣ᧂ᭮ঐ⻣ᧂ᭮ᙫ䟿Ⲵ10%ᐖਣDŽ൘ޘ⨳〟ᶱᓄሩ≄ىਈॆⲴབྷ䎻࣯лˈѫ㾱ਁ䗮ഭᇦབྷ࣋᧘ࣘ㔯㢢վ⻣Ӕ䙊ˈᨀࠪ⊭䖖㹼ъ䴦⻣䖜රⴞḷDŽ⊭䖖ᐕъᱟѝഭ઼ޘ⨳㓿⍾ਁኅⲴ䟽㾱᭟ḡӗъѻаDŽ䶒ሩᰕ⳺䎻㍗Ⲵ⧟ໍາǃ䍴Ⓚ઼㜭Ⓚ㓖ᶏˈԕ৺ޘ⨳਴ഭǃ਴㹼ъᓄሩ≄ىਈॆⲴ〟ᶱ㹼ࣘˈᇎᯭ㔯㢢վ⻣䖜රᐢᡀѪ⊭䖖ᐕъᓄሩ≄ىਈॆǃ䎠ਟᤱ㔝ਁኅѻ䐟Ⲵᗵ❦䘹ᤙDŽޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦⲴ⧟ໍາ؍ᣔǃ⊑ḃ⋫⨶ǃ䍴Ⓚ㜭Ⓚ࡙⭘ㅹ㇑⨶᧚ᯭҏᆈ൘䖳ཊᐞᔲˈ⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅ≤ᒣнаDŽѪ᧘ࣘᔪ・Āаᑖа䐟ā⊭䖖ӗъ㓿⍾᭸⳺о⭏ᘱ᭸⳺ޡ䎒Ⲵਁኅ⁑ᔿˈᵜ⹄ウᤏᔰኅĀаᑖа䐟ā⊭䖖ӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅ⧠⣦䈳⹄DŽ ᤹➗ц⭼䬦㹼ഭᇦਁኅ≤ᒣ࠶ࡂḷ߶ˈޡᔪĀаᑖа䐟āഭᇦਟ࠶Ѫվ᭦ޕഭᇦǃѝվ᭦ޕഭᇦǃѝ儈᭦ޕഭᇦǃ儈᭦ޕഭᇦˈ਴ഭⲴ㓿⍾ਁኅ≤ᒣ⴨ᐞ䖳བྷˈབྷ䜘࠶ഭᇦⲴਁኅ䐟ᖴ䖳Ѫ㋇᭮ˈ䍴Ⓚ㜭Ⓚ㔃ᶴ䖜ර䎧↕䖳ᲊˈᐕъॆਁኅ䘋〻ѝӽ❦դ䲿⵰⧟ໍາ⹤ൿˈᓄሩ≄ىਈॆ൘㓿⍾ਁኅѝⲴ䟽㾱ᙗቊнཏケࠪˈ㔯㢢ਁኅ⨶ᘥ䖳Ѫ㮴ᕡDŽ⊭䖖ӗъᱟޘ⨳㤳ത޵䟽㾱Ⲵᐕъ亶ฏѻаˈሩҾ⽮Պ㓿⍾ਁኅ઼、ᆖᢰᵟ䘋↕ާᴹᶱབྷ᧘ࣘ֌⭘DŽ਼ᰦˈ⭡ҾоޜՇ⭏⍫⎸䍩ޣ㌫㍗ᇶˈ⊭䖖ӗъҏ൘᭩ਈ⽮ՊޜՇ㹼Ѫ⁑ᔿᯩ䶒ਁᥕ⵰〟ᶱ֌⭘DŽ⊭䖖ӗъ䘈ਟԕᴹ᭸ᑖࣘ䫒䫱ǃߦ䠁ǃₑ㜦ǃ⸣ॆǃ⧫⪳ǃᵪỠǃ⭥ᆀǃ㓪㓷ㅹ䈨ཊк⑨ӗъˈᒦ㜭ཏᔦը㠣㔤؞ᴽ࣑ъǃӔ䙊䘀䗃ъǃ؍䲙ъㅹл⑨㹼ъˈᴹ᭸੨㓣ᯠᢰᵟǃᯠᶀᯉǃᯠᐕ㢪оᯠ㻵༷ˈᖒᡀҶ⴨ᖃⲴ⭏ӗ㿴⁑оᐲ൪㿴⁑ˈ൘ഭ≁㓿⍾ѝᖒᡀҶ࠶ݵⲴᖡ૽࣋оᑖࣘ᭸ᓄDŽնᱟˈ⊭䖖ӗъ䗵䙏ਁኅᡰᑖᶕⲴ⧟ໍາ⊑ḃǃ㜭Ⓚ⎸㙇䰞仈ᰕ⳺ࠨᱮˈ䱽վ⊭䖖ӗъⲴ⧟ໍາ䍏䶒ᖡ૽ǃ䈻≲⊭䖖ӗъⲴ㔯㢢վ⻣儈䍘䟿ਁኅᐢᡀѪ⊭䖖ӗъਟᤱ㔝ਁኅⲴᗵ❦䘹ᤙDŽ ˈࡽⴞᐢᴹ䜘࠶ഭᇦᡆഭ䱵㓴㓷൘⊭䖖ӗъᯩ䶒ᨀࠪҶ㔯㢢ਁኅᡈ⮕ˈᒦᔰ࿻䙀↕䲀ࡦ⟳⋩䖖Ⲵ⭏ӗо֯⭘˄㿱മ1˅DŽֻྲˈ⅗ⴏԕ㔯㢢ᯠ᭯Ѫѫ㓯ˈ൘⭏ᘱ⧟ໍາ؍ᣔо⋫⨶ᯩ䶒ᨀࠪҶа㌫ࡇ᧚ᯭˈަѝᯠ⭥⊐⌅ǃ⻣䗩ໍາ䈳㢲ᵪࡦ˄CBAM˅ǃ⟳ᯉᴯԓᡈ⮕ǃᗚ⧟㓿⍾2.0ㅹ᭯ㆆ൷о⊭䖖ӗъ儈ᓖ⴨ޣDŽӗъ㔯㢢ਁኅ䇞仈Ѫ਴ഭᑖᶕⲴᯠа䖞᭯ㆆ໱ෂ↓൘䙀↕