频谱重新分配报告回应1997年《平衡预算法》第三篇

Response to Title III ofThe Balanced Budget Act Of 1997 Special Publication U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCEéNational Telecommunications and Information Administration SPECTRUMREALLOCATIONREPORT Response to Title III ofThe Balanced Budget Act Of 1997 Edward F. Drocella, Jr.Steven K. JonesWilliam T. Druhan, Jr. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCEWilliam M. Daley, Secretary Larry Irving, Assistant Secretaryfor Communications and Information, andAdministrator, National Telecommunicationsand Information Administration February 1998 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to take this opportunity to thank the organizations and persons who contributedto the completion of this report. We wish to thank the Federal agency representatives on the Interdepartment Radio AdvisoryCommittee who under a demanding schedule provided vital information describing Federal Governmentradio spectrum use and impacts of the reallocation, and the staff members of the Office of Management andBudget for their contributions to the text and assistance on Federal reallocation cost issues. We also wish to thank the many contributing NTIA and Commerce employees Robert Wilson forprocessing frequency assignments data and creation of graphics used in the report, Robert Wildman for hiscover design, David Anderson, Gerald Hurt, William Hatch, and Fredrick Wentland for their support duringthe meetings with the Federal agencies, and the many employees who provided comments for earlier draftsof this report. We wish to especially thank two NTIA staff members for their efforts in the development of thisreport. Kathy Smith who provided legal advice and guidance throughout the development of this report,permitting the authors to meet the statutory deadline. Michael Doolan who transformed the author’s text,tables, and graphics into a professional publication under a very demanding schedule. EXECUTIVESUMMARY On behalf of the Secretary of Commerce, the National Telecommunications and InformationAdministration (NTIA) has prepared this report as required by Title IIISCommunication andSpectrum Allocation ProvisionsSof the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (Title III of the BBA 97). Thisreport identifies radio spectrum currently used by the Federal Government for reallocation to theprivate sector. Title III of the BBA 97 requires the Secretary of Commerce to provide from the spectrumcurrently allocated for Federal use, an aggregate of at least 20 megahertz (MHz) below 3 gigahertz(GHz) for allocation and assignment by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) tonon-Federal users through the process of competitive bidding. The paragraphs below provide an overview of the bands identified for reallocation, indicatingthe Federal usage; transition timetable; any needed sharing requirements for each band identified forreallocation; an overview of reported Federal implementation costs; and the potential operationaland mission impacts. OVERVIEW OF REALLOCATED BANDS The Federal Government uses frequencies below 3 GHz to support missions that are of directbenefit to the public. These missions include Federal law enforcement activities, air traffic control,national defense, weather services, scientific studies, and environmental monitoring. The estimatedFederal investment exceeds $280 billion. Approximately half of this spectrum is shared withnon-Federal users. Federal and non-Federal use of the spectrum is concentrated below 3 GHzbecause atmospheric and foliage penetration losses are relatively low, components are inexpensive,and small, efficient antennas can be used for hand-held operations between 100 MHz and 3 GHz.These features have made use of the spectrum below 3 GHz so desirable that many bands havebecome congested and entrepreneurs can no longer find spectrum for new technologies. Spectrum congestion for Federal operations below 3 GHz has been exacerbated byCongressionallymandated reallocation under the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of1993(OBRA 93). OBRA 93 required that the Secretary of Commerce identify at least 200 MHz ofspectrum used by the Federal Government for reallocation to new spectrum-based technologies. Ofthe 235 MHz identified, 135 MHz was below 3 GHz. Title III of the BBA 97 requires the Secretaryof Commerce to identify an additional 20 MHz below 3 GHz for reallocation to non-Federal users.This could increase congestion in the remaining bands used by the Federal Government, and possiblyaffect critical agency missions even though The NTIA will try to balance spectrum requirements ofthe Federal agencies with benefits to the public. Identifying spectrum for reallocation involves consideration of two overriding and sometimesconflicting factors: (1) the impact on the Federal agencies, in terms of mission, costs, and potential reduction of services to the public and (2) the benefits expected to be realized by the public. Incomplying with the requirements and band selection criteria of Title III, this spectrum reallocationplan establishes a reasonable ba