白皮书：聚合物管路在直接液冷中的作用

Charles Freda, CEM, DCEP Eveliina Juntunen, D. Sc. (Tech) DLC3500ITPP-H 2.6 3.13.23.33.48899 4.PP4.11111 4.24.3 DLC1112 5.1313 5.15.213 6.15 6.16.26.3151516 7. 7.17.27.3357.47.57.617171718181818 ASHRAEASMEASTMAWSBPEBSRIACDUCFDCO2CPUD2CDIDLCDVSENEPDFWSGPUHDPEIRNDTPGPP-HPP-RPP-RCTPVCPVDFSCGSCHSDRSFNSSQC700TCSWBIWHRQC700 1. 35001IT90kW100kW1 20°C/70°F2 45°C/110°F2 ITWHR 2. CDUCDU DLCD2C 8PG8 CPUGPUCDUTCSSFNFWS CDU 2 DLC DLC1DLCCPUGPU70%–80%DLC2 DLC295%1,2 DLCITDLC DLCCPUGPU 3. 3.1 FWS9 3.2 25%PG255pH TCSSS304SS316 111DLC70230d1606T10°C18°FDLCPG2513%16% DLC9 10 12 PVCHDPEPPPVDF 3J-13pHSS304SS316100.02-0.57/13SS3040.87/SS3160.77/14350.0020.87/15000.09 3.4 10[] SS SCH10 / 2: 60.3 mm: 2.77 mm QDQD^4 413.3DN502k=0.0150.0320°C68°F100.5104%8% 3.3 DLC25-5010 SEMIF6350.005DLC20 DLCDLC50% 0.00715 - 0.115DLC [16,17]5 4.PP DLC 7PP-HPP-RPP-HPP-RPP-H 4.1 PP-H6 PP-RCTPP-RPP-RCTPP-RPP-RCTPP-RPP-H PP-HDLCPP-H3018 4.2 18. Georg Fischer, 2003 CDUPP-H 4.3 DLC 19DLC7,20 SCG DLCPP-HDLCGF21GF60°C140°F2ppm25 DLCGFDLC •GFGF/ •DLC •pH7DLC 5. 5.1 5.2 DLCIR8100% IR welding89DVS2203-596%60% ASME B31.3AWS D10.18ASTM A380/A96722,239 BSRIA248 10 IR welding96% 15500GF2500240GF IDWBINDT GFDLC 6. 6.1 6.2 112564% CO2 11EcoStruxure10925SCH10/EN 10357/ ASME BPE 4PP-H d160/SDR17.651% ecoInvent26EPDA1EcoStruxure109 25. Schneider Electric [SE], no date26. ecoinvent Association, 2024 25 6.3 PP-H0.23W/mK2731616W/mK28DLCWHRDLCWHR29 30%30 7. GF 7.14.0 GFLiquidCore31GFQC70010%25%32 33GFAdjusted Velocity ]m/s]2.00.0 121350 mbar0.73 psi30°C86PG25441/4 7.2 GF682895Manifold maximum rack density GF •DLC100%•137224375Rack density [kW] 74 7.6 7.335 GFCFDGF GFGFEPIC2025 7.4 GF LiquidCoreGFGF DLCGF1991 GFGF 7.5 GF15540%349 6635 8. GFGF334015GF GFLiquidCoreDLCGFDLCGF DLC GF References • American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers [ASHRAE] (2019)Water-cooled servers: Common designs, components and processes.Available at: https://www.ashrae.org/File%20Library/Technical%20Resources/Bookstore/White%20paper_TC099-WaterCooledServers.pdf (Accessed: 5 June 2025).• American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers [ASHRAE]Technical Committee 9.9 (2021) Emergence and expansion of liquid cooling in mainstream data centers, White Paper. ASHRAE.https://www.ashrae.org/file%20library/technical%20resources/bookstore/emergence-and-expansion-of-liquid-cooling-in-mainstream-data-centers_wp.pdf.• American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) (no date) ASME B31.3:Process pipIng; ASME B31.9: Building services piping (HVAC systems). ASME.• American Welding Society (AWS) (no date) AWS D10.18:Guide for welding austenitic stainless-steel pipe. AWS.• ASTM International (no date) ASTM A380/A380M:Standard practice for cleaning, descaling, and passivation of stainless steel parts, equipment, and systems; ASTM A967/A967M:Standard specification for chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. ASTM International.• Azarifar, M. et al. (2024) ‘Liquid cooling of data centers:A necessity facing challenges’, Ap-plied Thermal Engineering, 247.Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.123112• Castrol (no date) Castrol ON direct liquid cooling PG 25: Product data sheet.Available at: https://msdspds.castrol.com/bpglis/FusionPDS.nsf/Files/C59CD4EF71E795E080258C4B001DA1D7/$File/wepp-deqblj.pdf (Accessed: 7 July 2025).• Chinthaparthy, L.S.R. et al. (2024)‘Accelerated performance degradation of copper cold plates in direct-to-chip liquid cooled data centers’,ASHRAE Journal, pp. 52–63.• Danfoss (2025) Danfoss Hansen FD83 series coupling: Thermal management.Available at: https://assets.danfoss.com/documents/latest/497642/AM430256898395en-000501.pdf• ecoinvent Association (2024) ecoinvent database.Available at: https://ecoinvent.org/database/ (Accessed: 14 December 2025).• Georg Fischer Piping Systems (2003) Beta (β)-PP from Georg Fischer:A synonym for proven toughness and chemical resistance – latest findings.Georg Fischer Rohrleitung-ssysteme AG, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.• Georg Fischer Piping Systems Ltd (2023)Saving time with engineering and offsite prefabri-cation: Hyperscale data center, Ireland.Available at: https://www.gfps.com/content/dam/gfps/com/reference-cases/gfps-reference-case-engineering-prefabrication-hyperscale-data-center-dublin-en.pdf (Accessed: 5 August 2025).• Georg Fischer Piping Systems Ltd and Leitwerk AG (2023)Improving energy efficiency at BADEN CLOUD Data Center, Appenweier, Germany.Available at: https://www.gfps.com/en-in/applications/chilled-water-on-rooftops.html• GF Industry and Infrastructure Flow Solutions (no date) Chemical resistance tool.Available at: https://www.gfps.com/com/en/downloads-tools/online-tools/chemical-resistance.html (Accessed: 5 June 2025).• GF Industry and Infrastructure Flow Solutions (no date) LiquidCore:Engineered polymer piping system for direct-to