2024年加密货币采用与非法风险敞口报告

2024 CryptoAdoption and Illicit Key takeaways India, Indonesia, Nigeria, the United States, andVietnam are the top five countries leading crypto Kenya has seen the largest increase in crypto adoption(now at #17 vs. #32 in 2023), doubling its crypto North Korea, Nigeria, Georgia, the Philippines, andRussia are the top five countries with the highestproportion of illicit exposure for entities primarily The top ten countries for illicit exposure are largelydriven by the exposure of their entities to sanctions orscams and fraud, which globally represent the largest Methodology Our Country Crypto Adoption Index aims to capture the penetration ofcryptocurrency usage in different countries, while taking into account the We approximate the adoption of cryptocurrencies in each country bycombining our proprietary on-chain data with web traffic data. Apportioning on-chain volumes forcrypto intermediaries We start with the on-chain incoming volume of different types of cryptointermediaries (e.g. exchanges, DeFis, payment services, etc.). We thenapportion the on-chain incoming volume of a specific crypto intermediary The resulting metric provides an estimation of the geographic distributionof cryptocurrency activity facilitated through intermediaries, based on on-chain incoming volumes and web traffic patterns, and serves as a proxy for Accounting for global economic conditions To account for differences in economic conditions across countries, weadjust the previously calculated incoming volume to crypto intermediaries ineach country by scaling it with the country’s GDP per capita.3This adjustment For example, USD 1 of incoming crypto volume in a country where theaverage annual payment per person is USD 100 has a much greater relativesignificance than the same amount in a country where the average annualpayment is USD 10,000. In the first case, crypto activity represents a larger By applying this scaling, we refine the previously calculated metric ofincoming volume to crypto intermediaries to better reflect crypto adoptionin each country. The scaled on-chain incoming volume highlights the relative Finally, all countries are ranked based on this scaled on-chain incomingvolume as a proxy for their crypto adoption. Measuring illicit crypto exposure While the Country Crypto Adoption Index focuses on user-driven adoption,the Country Illicit Crypto Exposure Index evaluates the on-chain exposure of Key dimensions of illicit exposure Our analysis measures illicit crypto exposure across two dimensions: 1.Ownership exposure: Ownership exposure accounts for addresses ownedby entities within a country that are directly associated with illicit activity. If 2.Counterparty exposure: Counterparty exposure reflects transactionsbetween entities in a country and illicit addresses. Transactions with illicitaddresses — whether related to sanctions, scams, or other violations — Categories of illicit activity TRM’s methodology categorizes addresses as illicit based on theirassociation with specific types of illicit activity, including but not limited to: •Hacked or Exploited Funds: Events and addresses associated with hacked •Scams and Fraud: Addresses or entities associated with scams and fraud •Sanctions: Addresses or entities which have been designated by -Note: This report assumes a US sanctions lens and only considerscounterparty exposure to entities and jurisdictions sanctioned by the US •Blocklisted: Addresses that appear on public blocklists of stablecoinissuers, trusted law enforcement agencies’ advisories and alerts, andVASP or community-driven organization alerts that serve the purpose of Each illicit address is attributed through TRM’s proprietary intelligencecollections, partnerships, and advanced analytics. Focusing on proportion of illicit activity The aggregated volume of illicit activity in each country is scaled relative tothe total transaction volume of entities in the country. This scaling provides a Contextualizing iIllicit crypto exposure Rankings in the Country Illicit Crypto Exposure Index aim to describe acountry’s exposure to illicit crypto activity, in relation to the on-chain cryptovolume of entities based in that jurisdiction. This methodology means thatcountries with a smaller number of entities (or entities with lower transaction These rankings are not definitive assessments of a country's anti-financialcrime framework, regulatory capabilities, or overall financial integrity.Rather, this analysis aims to offer actionable insights, empoweringstakeholders — including virtual asset service providers, regulators, Country Crypto AdoptionIndex 2024 The top 20 countries below represent those that have the highest rate ofcrypto adoption in 2024 by exposure through intermediaries. KEY TREND #1 The top 10 countries with the highest cryptoadoption remain the same as in 2023 The countries in the top ten for highest crypto adoption have remained thesame in 2024 as they were in 2023. Fi