文化遗产影响评估手册（英）

MAY 2026 HANDBOOK ONCULTURAL HERITAGEIN IMPACT ASSESSMENT MAY 2026 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO license(CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) © 2026 Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, PhilippinesTel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2026. ISBN 978-92-9277-819-4 (print); 978-92-9277-820-0 (PDF)Publication Stock No. TIM260213-2DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/TIM260213-2 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policiesof the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for anyconsequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that theyare endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does notintend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This publication is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO license(CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/. By using the content of thispublication, you agree to be bound by the terms of this license. For attribution and permissions, please read theprovisions and terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess. This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributedto another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it.ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material. Please contact pubsmarketing@adb.org if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wishto obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does not fall within these terms, or for permission to usethe ADB logo. Corrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda. Note:In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars. Cover design by Rocilyn Laccay. Table, Figures, and BoxesivAcknowledgmentsvAbbreviationsvi1Navigating this Handbook12The Importance of Cultural Heritage53Plan94Assess235Implement476Summing Up57 Appendixes 1Outline of a Typical Cultural Heritage Assessment Document592Cultural Heritage Information Sources633Baseline Data for Six Types of Cultural Heritage694Project Scenarios775Specialists836Desktop Information Sources for Cultural Heritage857Template Terms of Reference878Checklists and Questions for Each Project Stage91 TABLES 1Key Stakeholders352Archaeological Sites and Materials Mitigation383Underwater Cultural Heritage Mitigation384Burials and Human Remains Mitigation395Built Heritage Mitigation396Natural Features with Cultural Significance Mitigation407Movable Cultural Heritage Mitigation408Chance Finds Risk Procedures51A3.1Baseline Data on Archaeological Sites and Materials70A3.2Baseline Data for Human Burials and Remains71A3.3Baseline for Underwater Cultural Heritage72A3.4Baseline for Built Heritage73A3.5Baseline for Natural Features with Cultural Significance74A3.6Baseline for Movable Cultural Heritage75 FIGURES 1The Assessment and Project Cycle22Mapped Identification of Underwater Cultural Heritage123United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s Cultural Heritage Tool184The Impact Assessment Process245Other Kinds of Assessments256Cultural Heritage Resources Map for Linear Construction Project297Mitigation Hierarchy378Key Steps of Implementation489Chance Finds Process for a Low-Risk Project51 BOXES 1Terms of Art in International Impact Assessment32Key United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Conventions on Cultural Heritage73Untangling Intangibles194United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage Sites205Expert Support266Smartphone and Tablet Apps for Cultural Heritage Fieldwork307Light Detection and Ranging Technology for Impact Assessment Baseline Research318Geographic Information System-Based Sensitivity Map of a Project Area339What Is a Chance Finds Procedure?50 This handbook is part of the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) ongoing effort to support borrowers and clients,ADB staff, and consultants in managing project impacts to cultural heritage. The handbook is aligned with our updatedEnvironmental and Social Framework and reflects good international practice. This work was inspired by the accessibleapproach and language of the World Bank’sPhysical Cultural Resources Policy Guidebook(2009). This handbook was produced by ADB’s Office of Safeguards (OSFG) under the institutional leadership of Bruce Dunn,director, OS