2026年奥地利能源政策评估报告

INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY The IEA examines thefull spectrumof energy issuesincluding oil, gas andcoal supply anddemand, renewableenergy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand sidemanagement andmuch more. Throughits work, the IEAadvocates policiesthat will enhance thereliability, affordabilityand sustainability ofenergy in its32Member countries,13Associationcountries andbeyond. IEAMembercountries: IEAAccessioncountries: BrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaIsraelRomania AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States IEA Associationcountries: ArgentinaChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraineViet Nam This publication,as well asany dataand map includedherein,are without prejudiceto the status of orsovereignty over anyterritory, to the delimitationof international frontiers andboundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. The EuropeanCommission alsoparticipates in thework of the IEA Source: IEA.International Energy AgencyWebsite: www.iea.org Table of contents Executive summary............................................................................................4Energy policy landscape .................................................................................10Introduction .....................................................................................................10Energy and climate strategy ...........................................................................10End-use sectors ..............................................................................................19Electricity.........................................................................................................26Fuels ...............................................................................................................35Recommendations ..........................................................................................38Focus areas.......................................................................................................431. Energy system flexibility..............................................................................43Recommendations ..........................................................................................572. Strengthening industrial decarbonisation and competitiveness..................61Recommendations ..........................................................................................77Annexes.............................................................................................................81 Executive summary Austria has one of the most ambitious climate and energy targets in the world;achieving them requires actionable delivery strategies and adequate funding.The country’s commitments to climate neutrality by 2040 – a full decade ahead of theEuropean Union (EU) – and a 100% renewable share in the national annual electricitybalance by 2030 are bold. These goals are underpinned by a large hydropower fleet(accounting for around 60% of electricity generation), including 5.6 gigawatts (GW) ofpumped hydro storage and a nationwide smart meter roll-out. Austria has the highestshare of renewable energy in electricity consumption in the European Union and isthe first European country to develop a pioneering approach to integrated energysystem planning. However, the gap between ambition and delivery is widening. Whileeconomy-wide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have fallen by 16% since 1990,emissionsincluding land use,land-use change and forestry(LULUCF)haveincreased by 13%. In other words, Austria’s forests are losing their ability to absorbcarbon, emphasising the urgent need for strengthened mitigation efforts acrosssectors. Austria must revisit and realign its delivery mechanisms and availablefinancial resources to help close the gap to reach its targets. This report providestimely advice on how Austria can achieve its policy goals with particular focus on twoareas: energy system flexibility and industrial competitiveness and decarbonisation. Energyaffordability and industrial competitiveness are under pressure.Austria’s industries – which contributed 22% of gross domestic product (GDP) andemployed 26% of the workforce in 2024 – face challenges from high energy prices,competitive pressures and the need to decarbonise. In response to the energy crisisin 2021-2022, the government introduced tax relief, direct grants and targeted supportmeasures for industry and households, including measures to promote energyefficiency and electrification. Many of these measures have been recently scaled backor cancelled. The ElectricityMarket Act (ElWG) adopted in December 2025 isoverhauling electricity market design in a bid to reduce energy costs, im