非洲粮食安全与营养区域概览：统计与趋势

REGIONAL OVERVIEWOF FOOD SECURITYAND NUTRITIONAFRICASTATISTICS AND TRENDS Required citation: FAO, AUC, ECA and WFP. 2023.Africa – Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2023:Statistics and trends. Accra, FAO.https://doi.org/10.4060/cc8743en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of anyopinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United NationsEconomic Commission for Africa (ECA), African Union Commission (AUC) or the World Food Programme (WFP) concerningthe legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of itsfrontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have beenpatented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO, ECA, AUC or WFP in preference to othersof a similar nature that are not mentioned. ISBN 978-92-5-138394-0 [FAO]© FAO, 2023 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-ShareAlike 3.0IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https:/ /creativecommons.org/1 icenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, providedthat the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that. FAO endorses any specificorganization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensedunder the same or equivalent Creative Commons license. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the followingdisclaimer along with the required citation: "This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shallbe the authoritative edition." Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as describedin Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rulesof the World Intellectual Property Organizationhttp://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rulesand any arbitration will be inaccordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Third-party materials.Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figuresor images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from thecopyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solelywith the user. Sales, rights and licensing.FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and canbe purchased throughpublications-sales@fao.org. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via:www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to:copyright@fao.org. COVER PHOTOGRAPH©FAO/Luis Tato STATISTICS AND TRENDS Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,United Nations Economic Commission for Africa,African Union Commission,World Food ProgrammeAccra, 2023 CONTENTS FOREWORDvACKNOWLEDGEMENTSviiABBREVIATIONSviii CHAPTER 1 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL 2.1:UNDERNOURISHMENT AND FOOD INSECURITY 1.1 Prevalence of undernourishment11.2 Prevalence of food insecurity based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale7 CHAPTER 2SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL 2.2: MALNUTRITION 16 2.1 Stunting among children under five years of age162.2 Wasting among children under five years of age202.3 Overweight among children under five years of age232.4 Anaemia among women aged 15 to 49 years26 CHAPTER 3ADDITIONAL WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY NUTRITION INDICATORS 29 3.1 Adult obesity293.2 Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life333.3 Prevalence of low birthweight36 CHAPTER 4UPDATES TO THE COST AND AFFORDABILITY OF A HEALTHY DIET 39 ANNEXES ANNEX 1:Data tables44ANNEX 2:Definition of food security and nutrition indicators72ANNEX 3:Notes75ANNEX 4:Country groupings77 NOTES78 TABLES 1Prevalence of undernourishment (percent)42Number of people undernourished (millions)53Prevalence of food insecurity (percent)94Number of severely food-insecure people (millions)105Number of moderately or severely food-insecure people (millions)126Prevalence of food insecurity by sex (percent)157Prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age (percent)188Prevalence of wasting among children under five years of age (percent)219Prevalence of overweight among children under five years of age (percent)2410Prevalence of anaemia among women aged