技术融合：竞争优势的新逻辑

Technology Convergence:The New Logic forCompetitive Advantage I N S I G H TR E P O R TA P R I L2 0 2 6 Contents Foreword3 Executive summary4 Section 1 The 3C Framework as an interconnected system5 1.1Identifying combinations revisited7 Section 2 From combinations to convergence dynamics9 2.1Patterns of value creation10 2.2Signals from the field12Cognitive robotic systems in healthcare12Digital twin ecosystems in advanced manufacturing17Intelligent grid systems in energy22Autonomous labs in life sciences27Non-invasive brain-computer interfaces32 Section 3 The value of orchestration37 3.1Monetization pathways39 The race to compounding advantage42 Contributors43 Endnotes46 Disclaimer This document is published by theWorld Economic Forum as a contributionto a project, insight area or interaction.The findings, interpretations andconclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated andendorsed by the World Economic Forumbut whose results do not necessarilyrepresent the views of the World EconomicForum, nor the entirety of its Members,Partners or other stakeholders. ©2026 World Economic Forum. All rightsreserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopyingand recording, or by any informationstorage and retrieval system. Foreword Aiman EzzatChief Executive Officer,Capgemini Cathy LiHead, Centre for AI Excellence;Member of the Executive Committee,World Economic Forum Jeremy JurgensManaging Director, Centre forFrontier Technologies and Innovation,World Economic Forum In the first year of theTechnology ConvergenceReport, we brought to the fore a foundationalphenomenon of this era, highlighting thebreakthrough innovation increasingly arising fromthe meeting of multiple technological domainsrather than from advances within any single field.Its Tech Maturity Index illustrated how today’s eightmost-impactful technology domains follow theirown development trajectories, eventually reachinginflection points where meaningful combinationsbecome possible. Artificial intelligence (AI) beginsto augment robotics in new ways, biotechnologydraws power from computational modelling, andadvances in materials science open pathways fornext-generation energy systems. to technical brilliance alone, but to coordinationof the ecosystem so that key constraints wereremoved without creating new ones that werejust as severe. As a technology scales, it pulls anew ecosystem into place, and the sources ofvalue shift with that change. Today, the source ofvalue for vehicles has expanded beyond traditionalcombustion to include software, energy servicesand connected capabilities. This understanding of innovation, enriched by theWorld Economic Forum’s global multistakeholderperspective and Capgemini’s practical experience,shaped this year’s technology convergence report.What you hold is not a static report but a workingsystem. The 3C Framework and Maturity Indexcontinue to pinpoint where meaningful technologyintersections emerge. Five industry examples revealhow these combinations reconfigure value chainsand redistribute competitive advantage. This reporttranslates insight into operational practice. Eachcomponent reinforces the others. Together,they show how organizations have harnessedconvergence to move from promising solutionsto durable impact. This insight, while valuable, leaves the mostconsequential question unanswered: how doorganizations scale convergent technology intowidespread adoption and impact? Creating a novel combination of technologies isan important milestone, yet history reminds us thattechnical achievement alone does not guaranteereal-world impact. Electric vehicles (EVs) emergedas early as the late 19th century, but their adoptionstalled for decades. This was not only due toimmature battery technology, but also the fact thatthere was no ecosystem to support manufacturing,charging and maintenance for everyday use. Using this guide well demands adaptation tothe context, commitment over long time horizonsand resilience when conditions shift. Convergentinnovation does not unfold on a predictableschedule. It rewards those who stay the course. The pressure to scale EVs has risen in recentdecades, as fuel prices and concerns about energysecurity and emissions have grown. The companiesthat finally broke through were the ones thatlearned how to orchestrate the ecosystem, buildingcharging networks, securing materials supply,partnering with battery innovators and leveraginggovernment incentives. The difference was not due This is one point in an ongoing conversation.Technologies will mature. Examples will evolve. Themental models captured here are meant to remainrelevant. We invite you to engage with these ideas,test them against your experience and contribute tothe shared work of scaling the innovations that willshape what comes next. Executive summary Orchestrating people, data and workflowsis critical to scaling techn