解锁水容量人工智能和云计算应用如何增加供水并减少用水需求（英）2026

UNLOCKINGWATERCAPACITY HOWAI&CLOUDCOMPUTING APPLICATIONSCANINCREASEWATER AUSTRALIA ABOUT OXFORD ECONOMICS Oxford Economics Australia isaleadingeconomic advisory firm. Following the acquisition of BIS Shrapnel in 2017,Oxford Economics Australia hasunparalleledcapabilitiesin helping clients to navigate local economic issues in the Oxford Economics was founded in 1981 as a commercial venture with Oxford University’s businesscollege to provide economic forecasting and modelling to UK companies and financial institutionsexpanding abroad. Since then, we have become one of the world’s foremost independent global advisoryfirms, providing reports, forecasts and analytical tools on more than 200 countries, 100 industries, Headquartered in Oxford, England, with regional centres in New York, London, Frankfurt, and Singapore,Oxford Economics has offices across the globe in Belfast, Boston, Cape Town, Chicago, Dubai, Dublin,Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Mexico City, Milan, Paris, Philadelphia, Stockholm, Sydney, Tokyo, and Toronto.We employ700 staff, including more than450 professional economists, industry experts, and business Oxford Economics is a key adviser to corporate, financial and government decision-makers and thoughtleaders. Our worldwide client base now comprises over3,000 international organisations, including leading CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...............................................................................................................2 SECTION 2.SUPPLY SIDE OPTIMISATION............................................................................42.1.WATER UTILITIES......................................................................................................................................5 3.1.HOUSEHOLDS.........................................................................................................................................113.2.AGRICULTURE.........................................................................................................................................153.3.MINING.....................................................................................................................................................21 4.1.WATER SUPPLY.......................................................................................................................................24 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Oxford Economics has been commissioned by Amazon Web Services (AWS) to assess the potential for artificialintelligence (AI)and cloud computing applications to unlockwatercapacity throughoptimisingwatersupply AI has long played a role in supporting optimisation in water systems, typically through rule-basedautomation, fixed schedules and other conventional control approaches. The shift now underway is towardmore data-driven applications, enabled by growing access to real-time operational data from sensors, meters,control systems andcloud computingplatforms. These approaches can be better suited to many watersystems because performance is shaped by numerous interacting variables, changing environmental conditions Cloud computing is central to the growth and deployment of these applications. It provides the scalable,flexible and high-performance computing environment needed to collect, store and process growing volumesof operational data from distributed water systems. Unlike traditional on-site or fixed hosted infrastructure,cloudcomputing applicationsallow utilities, growers and other operators to access data storage, analytics and Thisreport focuses on the water efficiency opportunitiescreated by these technologies. It draws on peer-reviewed research, commercial deployments and industry case studies to identify applications that have been On the supply side, the strongest opportunities sit withinwaterutilities. Distribution losses remain a materialsource of water consumption, and digital monitoring, cloud-connected systems,and emerging AI applicationscan help utilities reduce these losses through earlier leak detection and more responsive pressuremanagement. These capabilities can improve real-time visibility of underground conditions, support more On the demand side, the largest opportunity sits in agriculture, where irrigation accounts formost of theindustry's consumptionand where efficiency depends on many changing factors, including soil conditions,crop needs, weather and variation across fields. The applications examined in this reportdemonstrate anumber of different ways to improveirrigationefficiencyby improving how water is distributed across fields,strengthening real-time measurement of field conditions, supporting predictive scheduling, and using satellite In households, digital monitoring, smart appliances, smart irrigation, leak detection and smart meters canimprove water efficiency by making water use more visible, more precise and easier to manage at the point ofconsumption. In mining, AI-enabled process control and digital twins can improve