2023全球风能报告

Leading Sponsor Supporting Sponsor Table of contents 37131723334147515763698391103111 Foreword Executive summaryWind energy: The coming renewables accelerationPart One: A new energy marketPart Two: Challenges in the supply chainPart Three: The risks and opportunities of regionalisationPart Four: The IRA is set to turbocharge the US wind sectorPart Five: How Europe plans to rise to the challengePart Six: Will China continue to be the market leader?Part Seven: How to achieve a just transitionCase studiesFocus on offshore windMarkets to watchMarket Status 2022Market Outlook 2023–2027Appendix Association, Renewable Energy Institute – Japan,Korea Wind Energy Industry Association, ChinaWind Energy Association, Developers of RenewableEnergy for AdvanceMent (DREAM) – Philippines,Thailand Wind Energy Association, MongolianRenewable Energy Association, IndonesianRenewable Energy Society (METI), Iran RenewableEnergy Association – IRWEA, Electricity SectorAssociation of Kenya, South African Wind EnergyAssociation – SAWEA, Clean Energy Council(Australia), American Clean Power, CanadianRenewable Energy Association − CanREA,WindEurope. Muchiri, Thoa Nguyen, Liming Qiao, Marcela Ruas,Martand Shardul, Thang Vinh Bui, Nadia Weekes,Rebecca Williams We received valuable review and commentaryfor this report from•Rina Bohle Zeller (Vestas)•Dan Wetzel (IEA) Global Wind Energy Council Rue de Commerce 311000 Brussels, Belgiuminfo@gwec.netwww.gwec.net Additional contributions Asociación Mexicana de Energía Eólica, AsociaciónCostarricense de Productores de Energía, SERColombia – Asociación Energías Renovables,Associação Brasileira de Energia Eólica e NovasTecnologias (ABEEólica), Camara Eólica Argentina,Asociación Peruana de Energías Renovables – SPR,Asociación Chilena de Energías Renovables yAlmacenamiento – ACERA, Japan Wind Power Front cover image courtesy of Vestas Lead Authors Published27 March 2023 Mark Hutchinson, Feng Zhao Contributors and editingBen Backwell, Emerson Clarke, Esther Fang, Ramón Designlemonboxwww.lemonbox.co.uk Fiestas, Jeanette Gitobu, Navneet Khinda, ReshmiLadwa, Anjali Lathigara, Wanliang Liang, Wangari Word from the Chairman Delivering to this demand requiresstronger supply chains across therenewables industry – just at a timewhen supply chains are threatenedby inflation, rising interest rates,geopolitics and bottlenecks. COP27 may have concluded withthe target of 1.5C in criticalcondition, but the globalcommitment to renewable energyis stronger than ever. Meeting theobjectives of the Paris Agreementcalls for us to halve globalgreenhouse gas emissions by2030. That’s less than seven yearsto replace swathes of high-emission technologies with zero- orlow-carbon alternatives. In terms ofenergy, this means leaving behinda traditional system designedaround fossil fuels and installing anew one – as fast as we can. projects and healthy supply chains. In the current environment, pricesare often pushed to their minimum,while technical and sustainabilityrequirements increase costs inparallel. Renewables depend on askilled workforce, access to rawmaterials, infrastructure andlow-cost financing. Investments in wind in 2022decreased in Europe, the Americas,the Middle East and Africa. The onlyexception was the Asia-Pacificregion. This marks a paradoxduring a period when variouscrises are disrupting energysecurity and climate deadlines aredrawing closer. Wind energy hasnever been more needed: it buildsenergy security, lowers the cost ofelectricity and supportsdecarbonisation. Last year’sinvestment trends exemplify howfaster political action is now critical. Most market outlooks forecast animminent increase in demand forrenewables. Policymakers in majorrenewable energy markets havebegun to address the currentchallenges by supporting thecompanies that will be driving therenewables scale-up. It is time for governments to realisethat serious climate changemitigation and sustainable energysecurity go hand in hand.Governments must also accept thata thriving renewables industry isthe first step to addressing both.Decarbonisation is too big achallenge for one country orregion alone to overcome: only byworking together can we unlockthe acceleration needed to achievea clean energy transition. GWECand its members have animportant role to play insupporting sound policies,collaboration and action. I lookforward to doing just that. Aiming for 61% of total electricitygeneration to come fromrenewables by 2030, the IEAestimates that renewable energycapacity will have to triple, and thatmost of this growth is to come fromwind and solar PV.1 The USA’s Inflation Reduction Act,Europe’s Green Deal Industrial Planand China’s Five-Year Plan are allclear examples of increasingpolitical momentum. This welcomenews can bring concerningunderlying issues with it. The globalwind industry’s strength is its globalfootprint. Opening a subsidy race insupport of loosely defined cleanenergy transition technologieswhile increasing