芬兰量子技术战略2025–2035

Finland’s Quantum TechnologyStrategy 2025–2035 A new engine of growth and builder for asustainable future Publications of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment 2025:18 Finland's QuantumTechnology Strategy2025–2035 A new engine of growth andbuilder for a sustainable future Working group for the preparation of a quantumtechnology strategy Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment of Finland Helsinki 2025 Finland's Quantum Technology Strategy 2025–2035A new engine of growth and builder for a sustainable future The development of quantum technologies is expected to enable considerableadvances in computing power, measurement and telecommunications, for example.The impacts on different areas of business and society could be significant andcontribute to new, internationally competitive business. Kvanttiteknologioiden kehityksen odotetaan mahdollistavan huomattaviakehitysaskelia mm. laskentatehossa, mittaamisessa ja tietoliikenteessä. Vaikutuksetelinkeinoelämän eri alueilla sekä laajasti yhteiskunnassa voivat olla merkittäviä jamahdollistaa uutta, kansainvälisesti kilpailukykyistä liiketoimintaa. Contents Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 2Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Finland in a snapshot – A pioneer in the field and a desired cooperationpartner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 3.1The quantum technology sector in Finland is significant considering the size ofthe country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143.2In international competition, a small country has its own difficulties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203.3Finland must identify and utilise its opportunities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 4Vision 2035 and objectives – Competitively growing, competent and reliableQuantum Finland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 5Proposed measures to achieve the 2025–2030 targets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 5.1Quantum Competence Centre. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .335.2World-class computing infrastructure enables efficient use of quantumcomputing and software development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355.3Competitive infrastructure to support the development of quantum hardwareand components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .385.4Deploying quantum-secure encryption methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .395.5Long-term quantum RDI programme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425.6Financing and support for global business growth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455.7International cooperation and EU and international influence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .465.8National coordination, foresight, monitoring and advocacy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Appendices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex 1. Public investments in the quantum technology sector in Finland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51Annex 2. Background material on the topic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Finland has become known for its capacity for innovation and strong expertise intechnology. We have many examples from history where we have identified a newtrend early and open-mindedly