萨摩亚供水和投资总体规划2025-2035摘要

By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory orgeographic area in this document, ADB does not intend to make anyjudgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. © 2025. ADB. The CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication.https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccesshttp://www.adb.org/publications/corrigendaPublication Stock No. ARM260015-2DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/ARM260015-2pubsmarketing@adb.org Note: In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars and “ST”refers to tala.All photos are by ADB, except otherwise indicated. Foreword On behalf of the Samoa Water Authority Board, we are proud to presentthe Samoa Water Supply and Investment Masterplan 2025–2035.This Masterplan directly responds to the national priorities set by theGovernment of Samoa for the water sector, as outlined in key sectorplans and policies. At its core, the Masterplan advances Samoa’s commitment to climateresilience and disaster preparedness. Recognizing the increasing risksposed by climate change, it prioritizes investments that strengthen ourwater infrastructure, safeguard communities, and ensure reliable supplyeven in the face of storms, droughts, and other hazards. Improving water quality and service reliability is another central pillar.The Masterplan outlines targeted actions to upgrade infrastructure,reduce water losses, and expand access ensuring that all Samoans,urban and rural, benefit from safe and dependable water services. Institutional strengthening and digitalization are also key. By embracingnew technologies such as advanced monitoring systems, smartmetering, and modern asset management practices and building sectorcapacity, SWA is committed to delivering efficient, responsive, andfuture-ready services. Tagaloa Nadia Meredith HuntChairperson for the Samoa WaterAuthority Board This Masterplan is a collective call to action. Through partnership,innovation, and a shared vision, we can secure a water-resilient futurefor Samoa. Overview The Samoa Water Supply and Investment Masterplanservesas a strategic guide for investments in infrastructure andsupport activities across the Samoa water sector over a10-year planning horizon (2025–2035). Developed and ledby the Samoa Water Authority (SWA), the Masterplan placesparticular focus on the needs and priorities of the country’sstate-owned water utility to continue servicing the vastmajority of Samoa’s population. Grounded in the sector’s key challenges—including populationgrowth, climate change, and increased groundwater salinity—the Masterplan outlines SWA’s targeted priority investmentsin infrastructure and institutional support to address andmitigate these issues. Its aim is toenhance water securityand resilienceby improving water quality, securing supply,strengthening infrastructure, and identifying priority areas forinvestment. By detailing infrastructure and support priorities,the Masterplan will help SWA and partners seek and allocatefunding and technical assistance. The Masterplan was supported by the Asian DevelopmentBank (ADB) and the Ireland Trust Fund for Building ClimateChange and Disaster Resilience in Small Island DevelopingStates (ITF).1 Introduction Samoa is located approximately 3,450 kilometers (km)northeast of New Zealand and 4,175 kilometers southwestof Hawaii, United States. It comprises two main islands,Upolu and Savai’i, with the capital city Apia located on Upolu.As of 2021, Samoa’s estimated population was 205,557. The people of Samoa access water through several sources:•SWA supplies drinking water through its reticulatednetwork to approximately 89% of the population.SWA operates under the Samoa Water Authority Act 2003and supplies water in accordance with the Samoa NationalDrinking Water Standards.•The Independent Water Schemes Association (IWSA)provides technical support to specific rural communitiesthrough independent village-managed water schemes.IWSA operates under the Water Schemes Act 2015.•Small-scale local water systems, including private andvillage-based arrangements, are also sources of water. However, a range of challenges highlight the need for targetedand sustainable investment in water infrastructure andsystems. The Masterplan provides a structured approach toidentifying and prioritizing the necessary infrastructure andsupport activities to address these issues. Current Situation and Challenges The islands of Upolu (including Manono island) and Savai’iare primarily supplied with potable water from infrastructuremanaged and operated by SWA. Water is captured from56 boreholes as well as surface water sources. Surface wateris treated through slow or rapid sand filtration andchlorination; groundwater is treated solely throughchlorination. SWA also manages Samoa’s only wastewaternetwork, serving Apia’s central business district. In rural areasbeyond SWA’s network, communities are suppliedby independent village-managed water schemes, althoughit