疟疾监测评估工具包：实施参考指南，第2版。

Implementation reference guide,second edition Malaria surveillanceassessment toolkit Implementation reference guide,second edition ISBN 978-92-4-011097-7 (electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-011098-4 (print version) © World Health Organization 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In anyuse of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization,products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, thenyou must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. Ifyou create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along withthe suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization(WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The originalEnglish edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordancewith the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.Malaria surveillance assessment toolkit: implementation reference guide,second edition. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025. Licence:CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttps://iris.who.int/. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights andlicensing, seehttps://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to athird party, such as tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whetherpermission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. Therisk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the workrests solely with the user. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material inthis publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHOconcerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, orconcerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on mapsrepresent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply thatthey are endorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature thatare not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products aredistinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained inthis publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty ofany kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of thematerial lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. Contents Acknowledgementsv Acronymsvi Glossaryvii Executive summaryxi Part A: Overview1 Part B: Step-by-step implementation guide10 Phase 1:Assessment initiation14 1.1Establish a steering committee of key stakeholders involvedin the design and implementation of the assessment141.2Write and iterate an assessment concept note and/or protocol171.3Customize data collection tools25 Phase 2:Data collection and review26 2.1Conduct a desk review262.2Conduct a data quality assessment302.3Conduct a survey of surveillance staff at all applicable levelsof the health system (community health workers, healthfacilities and hospitals, and district/regional offices)41 Phase 3:Data analysis and outputs46 3.1Collate outputs from the desk review473.2Collate outputs from the desk-level DQA483.3Aggregate and analyse data from the service delivery–level DQA493.4Manage and clean survey data493.5Use analysis shell tables to capture results of survey data493.6Scorecard and dashboards50 Phase 4:Prioritization of recommendations and dissemination53 4.1Prepare the final report, technical brief and debrief presentation534.2Develop and prioritize recommendations with the steeringcommittee based on results544.3Develop an action plan to address priority gaps55 References58 Selected further reading 59 60 AnnexesAnnex 1.Suggested stakeholder and/or interview checklist61Annex 2.Suggested document checklist64Annex 3.Core malaria variables and indicators69Annex 4.Core variables for DQA77Annex 5.DQA consistency checks between core variables85Annex 6.DQA co