世界卫生组织更新了关于艾滋病毒临床管理的建议：关于公共卫生方法的建议

WHO updatedrecommendations onHIV clinical management:recommendations fora public health approach WHO updated recommendations on HIV clinical management: recommendations for a public health approach ISBN 978-92-4-011946-8 (electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-011947-5 (print version) © World Health Organization 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercialpurposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, thereshould be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use ofthe WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same orequivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the followingdisclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World HealthOrganization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The originalEnglish edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with themediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.WHO updated recommendations on HIV clinical management: recommendationsfor a public health approach. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025. Licence:CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttps://iris.who.int/. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, seehttps://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, suchas tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for thatreuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringementofany third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publicationdo not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal statusof any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers orboundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there maynotyet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they areendorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.Errorsand omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in thispublication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, eitherexpressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader.In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. Design and layout by 400 Communications Limited. Contents Acronyms and abbreviationsviAcknowledgementsviiiExecutive summaryxList of recommendationsxii01Introduction1References502Objectives, desired impact, target audience and guiding principlesof the guideline62.1 Objectives72.2 Desired impact72.3 Target audience72.4 Guiding principles803Optimization of antiretroviral therapy93.1 Use of darunavir/ritonavir and other protease inhibitors in HIV treatment103.1.1 Recommendations103.1.2 Background103.1.3 Supporting evidence113.1.4 Rationale for the recommendation123.1.5 Implementation considerations133.1.6 Research gaps14References153.2 Use of tenofovir and abacavir for initial and subsequent regimensin HIV treatment243.2.1 Recommendations243.2.2 Background243.2.3 Supporting evidence253.2.4 Rationale for the recommendation273.2.5 Implementation considerations293.2.6 Research gaps29References33 3.3 Use of oral two-drug antiretroviral regimens in HIV treatment383.3.1 Recommendations383.3.2 Background383.3.3 Supporting evidence383.3.4 Rationale for the recommendation403.3.5 Implementation considerations413.3.6 Research gaps41References423.4 Use of long-acting injectable antiretroviral regimens in HIV treatment453.4.1 Recommendations453.4.2 Background453.4.2 Supporting evidence453.4.3 Rationale for the recommendation463.4.4 Implementation considerations493.4.5 Research gaps49References5004Management of vertical HIV transmission534.1 Infant postnatal prophylaxis544.