Authors Jordan SullivanHead of Economic Policy Bella RhodesTalent Policy LeadStartup Coalition Charlie MercerPolicy Director AboutStartup Coalition Startup Coalition, formerly Coadec, is the policy voice of UK tech startups and scaleups. Since 2010, wehave worked to engage on behalf of tech startups in public policy debates in the UK across a range ofcritical priority issues including access to finance, immigration and skills, and technology regulation. We fight for a policy environment that enables early-stage British tech companies to grow, scale andcompete globally. We have over 4,000 startups and investors in our network and have been instrumentalin building proactive coalitions of businesses and investors on issues integral to the health of the UK’sstartup ecosystem. We represent the startup community on the Government’s Digital Economy Council, Acknowledgements Our work on theFunding the Underfundedcampaign builds on the extensive efforts and insights of manyindividualsand organisations across the ecosystem.We recognize that the challenges faced byunderrepresented groups in securing funding are deeply rooted and multifaceted. Addressing them We are especially grateful to the founders, investors, and regional cluster stakeholders who contributedto this report. Ensuring that we reflect the diversity of experiences in starting and scaling innovativecompanies across the UK has been central to this work. We are committed to listening, amplifying their Tableof Contents Authors.......................................................................................................................................................1About Startup Coalition..........................................................................................................................1Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................... 1Table of Contents...................................................................................................................................... 2Our Funding the Underfunded Campaign...............................................................................................3Introduction................................................................................................................................................5The Regional Startup Balance Sheet.................................................................................................... 7The British Business Bank................................................................................................................... 11The Investment Challenges.................................................................................................................... 12Risk-taking and Specialisation.............................................................................................................12Overconcentration of Funding............................................................................................................. 13The Role of Corporates....................................................................................................................... 15Recommendations for Regional Growth...............................................................................................16Scale up the British Business Bank.....................................................................................................16Recommendation 1: Mandate the British Business Bank to evaluate its regional programmes andalign funding to local business needs............................................................................................ 16Recommendation 2: Make attendance at regional and national demo days mandatory for venturefunds that are part of the Enterprise Capital Funds (ECF) scheme...............................................16Get Local Growth Plans Right............................................................................................................. 17Recommendation 3: Establish local mission-based talent investment programmes across the UK.18Recommendation 4: Foster sector-specialised funds to channel capital into regional centres ofexpertise beyond the Golden Triangle........................................................................................... 18Recommendation 5: Work with mayoral combined authorities to issue convertible regional bondsbased on the Municipal bonds model used in the US....................................................................19Get Serious About Spin-Outs.............................................................................................................. 19Recommendation 6: Take steps to ensure the UK has a thriving spinout ecosystem to turn ourworld-leading research labs into engines of growth.......................................................................21 OurFundingtheUnderfunded The UK’s tec