2026年工业发展报告：工业化的未来——为可持续发展打造未来就绪的产业

INDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTREPORT 2026 THE FUTURE OFINDUSTRIALIZATION Building future-ready industriesfor sustainable development Disclaimer About UNIDO The designations employed and the presentationof the material in this document do not imply theexpression of any opinion whatsoever on the partof UNIDO Secretariat concerning the legal status ofany country, territory, city, or area or of its author-ities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiersor boundaries, or its economic system or degree ofdevelopment. Designations such as “Global South”,“developed”,“industrialized”,“industrializing”or“developing”are intended for statistical conve-nience and do not necessarily express a judgementabout the stage reached by a particular country orarea in the development process. The maps used inthis report are for illustrative purposes only and donot imply the expression of any opinion on the partof UNIDO, concerning the legal status of any countryor territory or concerning the delimitation of fron-tiers or boundaries. The mentioning of firm namesor commercial products does not constitute an en-dorsement by UNIDO. The United Nations Industrial Development Organi-zation (UNIDO) is a specialized agency of the UnitedNations with a unique mandate to promote, dynam-ize and accelerate sustainable economic and indus-trial development. Our mandate is reflected in Sustainable Develop-ment Goal (SDG) 9: “Build resilient infrastructure,promote inclusive and sustainable industrializationand foster innovation”, but UNIDO’s activities con-tribute to all the SDGs. UNIDO’s vision is a world without poverty and hun-ger, where industry drives low-emission economies,improves living standards, and preserves the envi-ronment for present and future generations, leavingno one behind. UNIDOprovides support to its Member Statesthrough four mandated functions: technical cooper-ation; action-oriented research and policy-adviso-ry services; normative standards-related activities;and fostering partnerships for knowledge and tech-nology transfer. Copyright © 2026 UNIDO Material in this publication may be freely quoted orreprinted, but acknowledgement is requested, to-gether with a copy of the publication containing thequotation or reprint. Our work is concentrated on three focus areas: end-ing hunger by supporting sustainable food systemswith modern agri-tech and agribusiness; tacklingclimatechange by using renewable energy andenergy efficiency to reduce industrial greenhousegas emissions; and supporting sustainable supplychains so that developing country producers get afair deal and scarce resources are preserved. All photos and icons © UN, UNIDO, Canva, Evantoand Freepik unless otherwise stated. For reference and citation, please use: United Na-tionsIndustrial Development Organization,2025.Industrial Development Report 2026. The Future ofIndustrialization. Building Future-ready Industriesfor Sustainable Development. Vienna. The full report is available at www.unido.org Printed on recycled paper. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT2026 BUILDING FUTURE-READY INDUSTRIES FOR SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT Contents FOREWORD...................................................................................................... 10EXECUTIVE SUMMARY....................................................................................12ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................. 16ABBREVIATIONS AND TECHNICAL NOTES................................................. 18 PART A THE FUTURE OF INDUSTRIALIZATION 1.1 Our world in 2050.................................................................................................................................... 241.2 Industry is essential for development.............................................................................................. 271.3 The industrialization gap......................................................................................................................281.4 The future of industry under thecurrent path................................................................................ 33 CHAPTER 2 Megatrends and the industry of the future.....................................................40 2.1 The key megatrends reshaping industry........................................................................................... 422.2 Energy and the green transition......................................................................................................... 432.3 The rise of AI and the digitalization of production........................................................................482.4 The reconfiguration of global supply chains................................................................................... 522.5 Population growth and the changing nature of work................................................................... 552.6 The transformation of food production systems...........................