2025年粮食及农业状况：应对不同土地持有规模的土地退化问题

This booklet contains the core messages and content fromThe State of Food and Agriculture 2025. The numbering oftables and figures corresponds to that publication, available at: https://doi.org/10.4060/cd7067en Required citation:FAO. 2025.In Brief to The State of Food and Agriculture 2025 – Addressing land degradation across landholding scales. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd7071en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression ofany opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning thelegal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of itsfrontiers or boundaries. Dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be fullagreement. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented,does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature thatare not mentioned. ISBN 978-92-5-140144-6© FAO, 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution- 4.0 International licence(CCBY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.en). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted, provided that the work isappropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization,products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If a translation or adaptation of this work is created, itmust include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation [or adaptation] was not createdby the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracyof this translation [or adaptation]. The original English edition shall be the authoritative edition.” Any dispute arising under this licence that cannot be settled amicably shall be referred to arbitration in accordance withthe Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). The parties shall bebound by any arbitration award rendered as a result of such arbitration as the final adjudication of such a dispute. Third-party materials. This Creative Commons licence CC BY 4.0 does not apply to non-FAO copyright materials includedin this publication. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables,figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtainingpermission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned componentin the work rests solely with the user. FAO photographs. FAO photographs that may appear in this work are not subject to the above-mentioned CreativeCommons licence. Queries for the use of any FAO photographs should be submitted to:photo-library@fao.org. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) andprint copies can be purchased through the distributors listed there. For general enquiries about FAO publications pleasecontact: publications@fao.org. Queries regarding rights and licensing of publications should be submitted to:copyright@fao.org. COVER PHOTOGRAPH© iStock.com/Andrey Danilovich RUSSIAN FEDERATION.Aerial view of cereal fields. CONTENTS CORE MESSAGES FIGURE 11Poverty, degradation-induced yield lossesand all-cause yield gaps for sub-Saharan Africa andSouthern Asia FOREWORD 6 FIGURE 13Distribution of 571 million farmsby region, 202516 FIGURE 3Spectrum of land degradation andrestoration pathways FIGURE 15Proportion of holdings and area operatedby region FIGURE 5Drivers of agricultural land use andmanagement FIGURE 18Share of dietary energy, proteins and fatssupplied by crop production by farm size FIGURE 10Population hotspots exposed todegradation-induced yield losses and all-causeyield gaps TABLE 3Land management vs land-use changeinterventions by type of policy instrument FIGURE 9Estimated annual and average productionlosses due to land degradation by income group CORE MESSAGES 1Land is a finite, essential, non-substitutableresource that underpins food security, livelihoods,biodiversity, and mitigation of and adaptation toclimate change. Yet, land degradation – driven byintensifying pressures – is now a pervasive and silentglobal challenge, eroding productivity and ecosystemhealth in countries of all income levels. control nearly 50 percent. Medium-sized farms – thosebetween 2 ha and 50 ha – play a particularly importantrole in Africa and Asia, where they manage about halfof all agricultural land. 5The vast diversity in farm size underscores theneed for scale-sensitive approaches to landdegradation, food se