人工智能与劳动力发展：为科技工作者构建安全、公平的未来

Building a Secure, Equitable Future for Tech Workers CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2025 saw a wave of press coverage and headlines warning of major shifts in ourlives at work. Policymakers and working people are feeling uncertain about thefuture and are looking for appropriate policy responses. Previous cycles of labor Workforce training commitments alone are an insufficient response from tech Workforce development programs can be useful resources as jobs change, butthey need to be paired with broader economic policies to ensure that tech’sevolution benefits everyone. Unless we take seriously the question of the power We share examples and lessons from three main approaches to workforcedevelopment:tech industry commitments to AI upskilling; public policyapproaches to AI and labor;andlabor union-led efforts in training and worker •First, industry-led initiatives and, to a lesser extent, public policyinitiatives, rarely design training programs based on what workers want and •Second, absent the leverage of worker power through collectively bargainedagreements or community benefits agreements, industry commitments aretypically vague and highly opaque—both before programs are started and •Third, programs to ensure that the skills of the labor force match the jobmarket are only one small piece of the picture when policymakers areconsidering how to ensure that working people are protected as technology OUR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE FUTURE 1.Center workers in developing solutions. 2.Hold companies accountable for the funds they’ve 3.Think expansively about a robust policy response—everything from increasing worker power and the rightto collective bargaining to expanding a durable and INTRODUCTION The release of ChatGPT in 2022 sparked a frenzy in the technology sector. Itkicked off a race to build and bring to market more powerful generative AImodels, and companies in nearly every sector are eager to adopt them. Since In the early days of this AI hype cycle, employers frequently touted AI as a toolto augment, rather than replace, workers. But the narrative is changing. Many This year, 2025, has also seen a wave of headlines warning of major shiftsin our lives at work, including a “white collar blood bath.”3Tech companyexecutives are openly talking about their desire for a future with more work Despite these statements from CEOs and the resulting media narrative,researchers have not empirically identified widespread job losses due to AI atthis stage, and there is no consensus on how widespread the adoption of AI iswithin firms. Recent research suggests that “thebroader labor market has not Nonetheless, policymakers andworking people are feeling uncertain about the future and are lookingfor appropriate policy responses.TechEquity’s pollingfound that WORKFORCE TRAININGCOMMITMENTS ALONE AREAN INSUFFICIENT RESPONSEFROM TECH COMPANIESAND POLICYMAKERS TO THE Although 80% of U.S tech leaders cited upskilling as the best wayto improve employees’ gaps in shown that focusing on reskilling, retraining, and workforce developmenthas been far from a sufficient solution to the broader crisis. While workforcedevelopment programs can be helpful—and even necessary when centered on the Workforce training commitments alone are an insufficient response from tech Previous TechEquity research focused on the tech industry’s use of contractlabor to erode labor conditions in the industry and on the power of workervoice to ensure that workplace technology enhances, rather than degrades, We first explore how AI is impacting the tech job market and how the poorworking conditions that are already widespread in the industry are bound to beexacerbated—and spread to other industries—by the introduction of AI tools and Next, we share examples and lessons from three main approaches to •Tech industry commitments to AI upskilling:This section focuseson private sector initiatives that are largely driven and funded by tech •Public policy approaches to AI and labor:This section focuses onpublicly-funded programs as well as policy efforts to address skills •Labor union-led efforts in training and worker protection:This section TECH INDUSTRYCOMMITMENTS TO AIUPSKILLING PUBLIC POLICYAPPROACHES TO AIAND LABOR These examples lead us to three significant conclusions regarding the AI- •First, industry-led initiatives and, to a lesser extent, public policyinitiatives rarely design training programs based on what workers want •Second, industry commitments are vague and highly opaque—both beforeprograms are started and after they are completed. There is little data tobe found on the outcomes of corporate training programs, whereas there •Third, programs to ensure that the skills of the labor force match the jobmarket are only one small piece of the picture when policymakers areconsidering how to ensure that working people are protected as technology HOW AI IS IMPACTING THE TECH JOB MARKET When determining how to respond to the futu