农村创新之路：连接人、地方和思想

Rural Innovation Pathways Connecting People, Places andIdeas OECD Rural Studies Rural Innovation Pathways CONNECTING PEOPLE, PLACES AND IDEAS This work was approved and declassified by the Regional Development Policy Committee on 03/04/2025. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no singleauthority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Please cite this publication as:OECD (2025),Rural Innovation Pathways: Connecting People, Places and Ideas, OECD Rural Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris,https://doi.org/10.1787/c86de0f4-en. ISBN 978-92-64-77250-2 (print)ISBN 978-92-64-56635-4 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-56905-8 (HTML) OECD Rural StudiesISSN 2707-3416 (print)ISSN 2707-3424 (online) Photo credits:Cover design by OECD using images from © AscentXmedia/Getty Images Plus. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of the original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword At the 2025 OECDMinisterial Meeting of the Regional Development Policy Committee,ministersemphasised the central role of innovation in helping rural regions adapt to the challenges and opportunitiesof global megatrends. They noted that building rural resilience requires going beyond traditional measuressuch as patents and R&D to include entrepreneurship, social innovation, and co-operation between urbanand ruralareas, while promoting access to opportunities and resourcesfor all. Ministers recognised thatinnovation can unlock rural potential in manufacturing, ecosystem services, renewable energy, thebioeconomy, and sustainable tourism, as well as within globalvalue chains. Supporting these forms ofinnovation can help diversify rural economies, strengthen local capacities, and build resilience. Demographicchange is one of the megatrends shaping the conditions under which rural innovation candevelop. Changes in age structure, migration flows and the distribution of people across territories affectlocal labour markets, the availability of skills and the demand for services. These factors influence howrural communities can engage in and benefit from innovation,making demographic trends an importantconsideration before examining the specific challenges facing rural regions. Almost half of rural places are alreadylosingpopulation,generating significant challenges including for thelabour market and the cost-effective delivery of public services.