数据传播的现代化：标准化如何提高效率、互操作性和可访问性（英）

Modernizing Data Dissemination:How Standardization Enhances KEY POINTS •The Statistical Data andMetadata eXchange(SDMX) standard is acritical enabler of moderndata dissemination.It provides a framework Brian BuffettConsultant Stefan SchipperPrincipal Statistician •National statistics officesand central banks adoptingSDMX can enhancethe efficiency of theirdissemination workflows.They can also reduceredundancy and improve theaccessibility, transparency,and interoperability of theirstatistical output while INTRODUCTION: CREATING In today’s data-rich and digitally connected world, national statistics offices andcentral banks are expected not only to produce accurate and timely data butalso to disseminate it efficiently and accessibly. Data dissemination—historicallyan endpoint of the statistical process—is now recognized as a strategic function. As the demands of data users become more diverse and the volume of statisticaldata expands, traditional dissemination methods are increasingly insufficient.Many statistical agencies face systemic challenges in making their data easily Realizing the full benefitsof SDMX requires strategicplanning, strong policybacking, appropriategovernance frameworks,adequate technical Statistical Data and Metadata eXchange (SDMX) offers a robust and scalable solutionto the contemporary challenges confronting institutions. It provides a comprehensiveframework for structuring, exchanging, and disseminating data and metadata, leveraginga well-defined information model and a suite of technical specifications. There aremany high-quality SDMX-compliant open-source tools available. However, SDMX is ISBN 978-92-9277-495-0 (print)ISBN 978-92-9277-496-7 (PDF)ISSN 2071-7202 (print)ISSN 2218-2675 (PDF) ADB BRIEFS NO. 361 Fragmented and Redundant Systems BEST PRACTICES FOR MODERN Data dissemination often takes place across multiple portalsmanaged by different government agencies or departments.This fragmentation leads to duplication of effort, conflicting Building a contemporary data dissemination platform requirescareful attention to both policy frameworks and technical design.The following best practices have been identified from majorglobal assessments and successful implementations around Limited Usability and AccessibilityDespite the proliferation of online platforms, usability remains a major challenge. Many portals: (i)offer unintuitive navigation and poor search functions;(ii)lack multilingual support and mobile responsiveness;(iii)do not provide tools for data visualization or custom queries; POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL (i)National legislation should mandate public access to statisticaldata and promote the use of international standards.(ii)Dissemination practices should be embedded in nationaldevelopment plans, digital government strategies, andstatistical reform roadmaps.(iii)Cross-agency coordination mechanisms should beestablished to ensure harmonized metadata practices Usability assessments show that these limitations preventusers—especially those who are not statistical experts—from Inadequate Metadata and DocumentationMetadata, when present, are often incomplete, outdated, or scattered across multiple documents. Without standardizedmetadata, users face difficulties in understanding the definitions,sources, and methodologies underlying the data. This, in turn, Manual and Inconsistent Workflows Manual data transformation and upload processes delaydissemination, increase the risk of errors, and strain institutionalresources. Update frequencies vary widely and there is often no TECHNICAL BEST PRACTICES (i)Systems should feature modular and scalable architectureto allow for phased implementation and future expansion.(ii)Portals should offer machine-readable data throughapplication programming interfaces (APIs) to supportintegration and reuse.(iii)Centralized registries should be interoperable metadatarepositories that are standards-based (e.g., utilizing SDMX) Limited Interoperability Most data portals do not utilize APIs or provide data instandardized formats. This limits integration with externalplatforms, inhibits data reuse, and complicates efforts toharmonize national and international reporting. These issuesare exacerbated by the increasing demand for disaggregated, OVERCOMING CHALLENGES CHALLENGES IN NATIONAL DATA The SDMX standard addresses the issues evident in many existingdata portals through an approach that enhances not only theefficiency of data workflows but also the strategic impact ofdissemination. SDMX provides a comprehensive technical and In most economies of the world, government-operated dataportals have become the primary vehicle for disseminating officialstatistics. However, many of these portals are still hampered by Modernizing Data Dissemination Structured Data and Metadata IntegrationAt the heart of SDMX is the concept of “data structure definitions,” column, each observation is a row, and each type of observationalunit forms