面向市场参与者升级自然数据价值链的建议

Contents Foreword: Enabling nature intelligence3Executive summary4Acknowledgements: Development of these recommendations8Context for these recommendations11Recommendation 1 – Global nature data principles17Recommendation 2 – Common metadata requirements24Recommendation 3 – Harmonised data licensing and user agreements28Recommendation 4 – A Nature Data Public Facility33Recommendation 5 – Incentivise corporate nature data exchange49Recommendation 6 – An international Nature Data Trust53Recommendation 7 – A Nature measurement protocol57Recommendation 8 – A universal digital protocol for sharing nature data across value chains59References61Appendix A: Nature data principles (v1.0)63Annex B: NDPF technical design summary67Annex C: NDPF financial feasibility assumptions71Annex D: Additional contributors74 Foreword: Enablingnature intelligence The resilience of every business depends on the resilience of nature. As nature’s resiliencedeclines, the physical, transition and systemic risks to business and finance increase. Thisunderscores the urgent need for every business, regardless of size, sector or geography,to build itsnature intelligence: the skills and capacity to identify, assess and respond to itsdependencies and impacts on nature and the corresponding risks and opportunities to itsorganisation and those providing capital to it. Consequently, demand for decision-grade, nature-related data – both data on the state-of-nature and data on an organisation’s dependencies and impacts on nature – is now growingrapidly. As outlined in this report, a range of actors – from international organisations andnational statistical agencies to new nature data start-ups and financial market data providers– are seeking to satisfy this demand but market participants remain concerned about thequality and reliability of much of the nature-related data available today. Responding to this challenge requires recognising that authoritative state-of-nature datais a global public good of the highest strategic importance. Addressing global commonschallenges requires global common solutions: in this case, stakeholders across the naturedata value chain embracing a principles-based approach to upgrading the accessibility,quality and timeliness of state-of-nature data over time; and the generation of new sources offunding to invest in critical data collection efforts and quality upgrades across the value chain. Doing so will create positive externalities for the data then available to all other naturedata users, including governments and civil society organisations. Failure to do so will notonly compromise the ability to deliver on the goals and targets of the Global BiodiversityFramework (GBF) agreed to by 198 governments, but also leave nature-risk dangerouslyunattended to on corporate balance sheets and in capital portfolios, amplifying the systemicrisks to our financial systems, economies and societies. The TNFD is delighted to have assembled a global coalition of leading organisations andexperts over four years of successive phases of its work on nature data issues to outlinehow these challenges can be addressed. The recommendations in this report have beendeveloped with a whole of value-chain mindset and tested by leading upstream dataproviders and downstream data users to demonstrate their practicality and feasibility. TheTNFD now calls on all stakeholders invested in a high-quality, high-integrity nature data valuechain as a global public commons asset to step forward and action these recommendations. David Craig & Razan Al MubarakCo-Chairs, TNFD Executive summary With humanity now operating beyond seven of nine planetary boundaries, and the globalinsurance protection gap from climate and nature-related events now estimated by the G20 toexceed USD 200 billion globally per annum and as high in 90% in some emerging economies,high-quality, decision-useful data on the state-of-nature is unquestionably a strategic globalpublic good.1 For business and finance, it is the critical enabler of thenature intelligenceneeded to managerisk, resilience and sustainable growth in a world of accelerating climate change and natureloss.2For policy makers, businesses and financial institutions, access to high quality naturedata is essential to unlock the private finance required to close the global nature finance gap,now estimated by the Paulson Institute at over USD 900 billion per annum3, and deliver on theaspirations of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Despite the need, the urgency and the rapid pace of innovations in nature data collectionand analytics over recent years that show what’s possible, the nature data value chainremains highly fragmented and lacking the investment required to consistently produce theauthoritative state-of-nature data required by market participants. The recommendationsoutlined in this report seek to bring a global commons mindset and systemic approach toaddressing these challenges. The eigh