从碳到清洁：建筑领域的脱碳与监测

Table of Contents The ultimate innovation platform We connect the besttechnology startups to theworld’s largest corporations We help you in every step ofyour innovation journey Partnering with the largest organizationsworldwide gives us a line of sight to identifythe main pain points affecting eachindustry. We then focus on sourcing thebest startups that can provide the bestsolutions to these challenges. 100k+ Carefully-curated internationalstartups in our network By collaborating with startups,corporations increase operationalefficiencies, lower costs, find new productlines, and become more innovative fromthe core. PARTNERS550+ UNICORNS30+ View our2024 Company Performance Reportfor more information:https://pnptc.in/2024-report From Carbon to Clean: Decarbonization& Monitoring in the Built World Introduction We are in a climate emergency, and achieving net-zero emissions hasbecome a priority. The environmental impact of the buildings andconstruction sector has a vital role to play, although it is often overlooked.Buildings significantly contribute to global emissions and account for around40% of the worldwide CO2 emissions, which is considerably highercompared to aviation (10%) and gas-powered vehicles (2.5%). The so-called life cycle carbon footprint of building consists of the sum oftwo sources as explained below: •Embodied Carbon:refers to the carbon footprint of a building before itis used, i.e., emissions deriving from the production stage that accountfor about 1/3 of overall CO2 emissions. This stage includes the extraction,manufacturing, transportation of materials, construction, andbuilding demolition. •Operational Carbon:refers to the carbon emissions coming from theoperations and use of the building over its lifetime (around 50 years ormore). Currently, the highest share of a building’s carbon footprint(roughly 2/3) is caused by its operational energy consumption, whichinvolves heating, hot water, cooling, ventilation, lighting systems,equipment, and lifts, as well as repair and any refurbishment that thebuilding may undertake. Understanding the impact of both carbon sources, it is clear that innovativesolutions are needed to push the building sector towards decarbonization. The objective of this report is to show the trends and innovations related tothe decarbonization process of buildings. For this purpose, we have dividedthe report into two parts. Thefirst partof the report is focused on the building monitoring sector.This section reviews the main monitoring systems in buildings, such asindoor air quality, water management, structural health of buildings, andsecurity and access control. These topics are focused on the monitoring ofthe resources of a building, but also the safety of the occupants.Finally, the first part is closed with energy management as the main topicthat links to the second part of the report. In the energy managementsection, as in the previous ones, we briefly describe the type of system, thetrends and challenges of the sector, as well as data on the growth of startupsover the years and their geographical distribution.Finally, startups in each industry with innovative and relevant solutions arehighlighted. In thesecond partof the report, we focus more on building decarbonizationstrategies. We start the section by highlighting the importance of thereporting and ESG optimization plan. Then, we describe the differentstrategies for decreasing buildings’ carbon footprints. It is important tohighlight that current solutions take two approaches: construction of newsustainable buildings and improvement of existing buildings. New Buildings: Setting the Standard for the Future Toward the middle of the century, as the world’s population approaches 10billion, the global building stock is expected to double in size. Newconstructions represent an opportunity to integrate cutting-edgesustainability practices from the outset, ensuring they are energy-efficient,low-emission, and built using environmentally friendly materials. As thesebuildings will shape the infrastructure for decades to come, meeting thehighest sustainability standards now prevents the creation of futureemissions-intensive structures. Existing Buildings: Addressing the Current Emissions Gap Most of the built environment already exists (especially in the U.S. andEurope), and older buildings often operate far below modern efficiencystandards. These structures are responsible for a significant portion ofcurrent global emissions due to outdated technologies, poor insulation, andreliance on fossil fuel-based energy systems. Retrofitting these buildingswith energy-efficient technologies, electrified systems, and renewableenergy solutions is critical for reducing their carbon footprint and achievingnear-term emissions reductions. Considering these two approaches, this report includes insights onretrofits and energy efficiency measures, clean energy sources, and greenbuilding materials. Finally, before sta