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Unleashing the Potential of the Cultural and Creative Industries European CommissionDirectorate-General for Research and InnovationDirectorate D – Directorate People, Health, and SocietyUnit D0 – Director ContactHarald HartungEmailRTD-PUBLICATIONS@ec.europa.euEuropean CommissionB-1049 Brussels Manuscript completed inNovember 2024Firstedition The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the position or opinion of the European Commission. PDFISBN 978-92-68-22179-2doi:10.2777/0306127KI-01-24-083-EN-N Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2025 ©European Union, 2025 The Commission’s reuse policy is implemented under Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents(OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39, ELI:http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2011/833/oj). Unless otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that reuse is allowed, provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated. For any use or reproduction of elements that are not owned by the European Union, permission may need to be sought directly from the respectiverightholders. The European Union does not own the copyright in relation to the following elements:cover: © felix_brönnimann #1273045029, 2025. Source: stock.adobe.com Unleashing the Potential of theCultural and CreativeIndustries ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was drafted at the request of Marc Lemaître, the Director-General of the EuropeanCommission’s Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (DG RTD). It gives an overview of the structure of the EU Cultural and Creative Industries (hereafter called CCIs),their strengths and challenges, the possible impact of new information and communication technologies(ICTs) and artificial intelligence (AI) and the current support mechanisms for the sector at EU level. Thisreport aims to help position CCIs in the EU as an engine for sustainable growth and cutting-edgeinnovation in global competition and for strengthening the social fabric, resilience and values of oursocieties for our well-being and quality of life. Finally, it could promote a high-level launching event forbringing together a wide range of stakeholders in this field to help place CCIs high on the agenda of thenew European Commission and the new European Parliament. This report reflects the opinion and positions of the author, but not necessarily those of DG RTD or thoseof the European Commission. Special thanks go to Erik Jones, the Director of the Robert Schumann Centre for Advanced Studies atthe European University Institute (EUI), for his advice and guidance on the priority areas and emergingtrends in CCIs. The author would also like to express his gratitude to Roberto Nocentini, the Director forBudget and Financial Affairs Services at the EUI for his continuous support during the author’s stay atthis institution. The author also wishes to express his sincere thanks to Dr Christian Ehler, Member of the EuropeanParliament, for the in-depth discussions on the needs and potential of CCIs, which helped in setting thescene for this report. The author received fruitful input in the form of the support, feedback and regular exchanges withRickard Bucksch and Giuliana Defrancesco from DG RTD’s cultural heritage team and the suggestionsfrom Katja Reppel, the head of DG RTD’s ‘Democracy, Equality & Culture’ unit, on the CCIs’ links withthe European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Digital Decade programme. The regularcooperation between DG RTD’s cultural heritage team and the CCI specialists of DG GROW’s‘Proximity, Social Economy, Creative Industries’ unit, under the guidance of Alessia Di Gregorio andIlona Lelonek Husting, on the follow-up of the ‘2021 Single Market Report’, provided new insights intofostering CCIs’. Special thanks also go to Michalis Moschovakos of DG RTD’s ‘Health & Social Transitions’ unit for hissuggestions on the latest developments in the sector and his linguistic review of the text. Furthermore, the author wishes to thank, in particular, the following Commission colleagues for theirinput and critical remarks: Nicoleta Bazgan (ERCEA), Guglielmo Di Cola (EAC), Bernd Fesel (EIT CC),Charlotte Lorentz Hjorth (ekip), Eleni Magklara (EISMEA) Elena Martines (EISMEA), Natália Petrovovà(EIF), Lucia Recalde Langarica (CNECT), Pier Luigi Sacco (EIT CC), Jorge Sanz Gonzalez (EIF),Barbara Stacher (EAC), Maciej Szymanowicz (CNECT) and Andrea Gallelli (ESTAT). Finally, the author wholeheartedly thanks Jade Iafrate and Esther de Jong van den Brand, whoundertook the demanding task of reviewing this report and putting it into an attractive format and layout. The author,Harald Hartung Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................. 6 1.INTRODUCTION .....................................