2025年非洲贸易报告：变化中的全球金融架构下的非洲贸易

AfricanTrade Report2025 African Tradein a Changing GlobalFinancial Architecture AfricanTrade Report2025 African Tradein a Changing GlobalFinancial Architecture © Copyright Afreximbank, Cairo 2025. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may bereproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwiseor stored in any retrieval system of any nature without theprior, written permission of the African Export-Import Bank,application for which shall be made to the Bank. 978-92-95097-44-5 HEAD OFFICEAfrican Export-Import Bank 72(B)El Maahad El Eshteraky StreetHeliopolis, Cairo 11341P O Box 613 HeliopolisCairo 11757, EgyptTel: +202 24564100/1/2/3Email. info@afreximbank.comWebsite: www.afreximbank.com Foreword Africa’s response to today’s challengesmust centre around bold reconfigurationof its financial and trade systems.Afreximbank and other regionaldevelopment institutions that make upthe Alliance of African MultilateralFinancial Institutions (AAMFI) are scalingup counter-cyclical support, innovatingin trade and project finance, andenabling industrial transformation. ThePan-African Payment and SettlementSystem (PAPSS) is reducing reliance onexternal currencies and enhancingefficiency in intra-African trade, whiledomestic digital payment ecosystemsare expanding rapidly, generatingbillions of dollars in annual revenues. To advance this agenda, Africaninstitutional investors, including pensionfunds, sovereign wealth funds, andinsurance companies, must be mobilisedto recapitalise regional and nationaldevelopment financial institutions.Strengthening these institutions isessential to support vital sectors suchas agriculture, manufacturing, andtrade, and to finance Africa’s structuraltransformation from within. The global financial and tradearchitecture is undergoing profoundtransformation. Geopoliticalfragmentation, rising protectionism,volatile capital flows, and a growingtendency towards deglobalisation areredrawing the contours of internationaleconomic cooperation that haveprevailed since the end of World War II.For the nations of the African continent,this volatile environment presentssignificant challenges. But it alsopresents the historic opportunity toreposition themselves within the globaleconomy and redefine the trajectory oftheir development. At Afreximbank, we are fully committedto this vision. We disbursed more thanUS$17.5 billion in trade finance in 2024,and we are on course to double intra-African trade financing to US$40 billionby 2026. Through PAPSS, industrialfinance initiatives, and strategicpartnerships we are not merelyresponding to global change – we arehelping to shape it. African economies face a complex web ofstructural constraints, including apersistent continent-wide trade financegap estimated at about US$100 billionannually, regulatory dissonance,exchange rate volatility, andmacroeconomic instability.Compounding these constraints aresovereign debt vulnerabilities,infrastructure deficits, and systemicbiases embedded in global financialsystems, among them skewed creditrating methodologies, limited access toconcessional finance, andunderrepresentation in global decision-making bodies. The African Continental Free Trade Area(AfCFTA) is a cornerstone of thistransformation. More than a tariff-reduction framework, the AfCFTArepresents a platform forindustrialisation, digital leapfrogging,and economic sovereignty. When fullyimplemented, the free trade area has thepotential to significantly boost intra-African trade, lift millions out of extremepoverty, and reshape Africa’s globaltrade posture. Realising the trade area’spromise will require substantialinvestment in digital and logisticsinfrastructure, regulatory harmonisation,and robust financial systems. I commend the Afreximbank Researchteam for their meticulous work inproducing this comprehensive andforward-looking report. It is essentialreading for all stakeholders committedto building a resilient, self-defined, andprosperous African future. Let this be Africa’s moment – not ofmarginalisation, but of renaissance. These challenges call not for retreat.They demand leadership, reform, andcoordinated action. This 2025 edition ofthe African Trade Report, produced bythe African Export-Import Bank(Afreximbank), provides a timely andrigorous assessment of how Africa cannavigate this period of structuralchange. The report, “African Trade in aChanging Global Financial Architecture,”provides comprehensive analysis of thechanging financial landscape,macroeconomic conditions,developments in global and Africantrade, commodity markets, andprospects for growth and trade in theyears ahead. Together, it outlines aroadmap for systemic reform,institutional renewal, and strategicinvestment across the continent. The inclusion of the African Union in theG20, the international forumrepresenting the world’s majoreconomies, since September 2023 ispivotal for the nations of the Africancontine