卢旺达难民的可持续生计：一项调查和自力更生措施的结果（英）2025

Contents Introduction.................................................................................................................................21.The Survey .......................................................................................................................32.Findings ...........................................................................................................................42.1. Demographic profile..........................................................................................................42.2. Welfare indicators.............................................................................................................63.Refugee Self-Reliance Measure (RSRM)...........................................................................123.1.Methodology ..............................................................................................................123.2.Results.......................................................................................................................133.3.Self-reliance dimensions ............................................................................................15Food security.........................................................................................................................16Income..................................................................................................................................17Labor ....................................................................................................................................18Health...................................................................................................................................18Education..............................................................................................................................19Social capital ........................................................................................................................19Conclusion ................................................................................................................................20Annexes.....................................................................................................................................22Annex A. RSRM calculation .....................................................................................................22Annex B. Food security indicators............................................................................................24 Introduction This report summarizes the findings froma survey onsustainable livelihoods of refugees in Rwanda.The survey was designed to assess the living conditions, economic status, and overall well-being ofrefugees,andstructured around the indicators included in a self-reliance measure for refugeesinboth urban and camp settings. The survey covered various topics: household demographics,education, health, employment, community relations, well-being, and access to public services, aswell as income, savings, debts, and housing. The analysis presented in this report aims to provide guidanceforongoing and future initiativestowards creating inclusive, effective, and sustainable support systems for refugees.The data is alsoused to calculate aself-reliance measurethat will inform targeting of humanitarian assistanceandthe formulationand implementationof policies and programs aimed at improving the lives of refugeecommunities in Rwanda, particularly the upcomingGovernment of RwandaRefugee SustainableGraduation Strategy 2025-2030. The following sectionsdescribe the survey’s objectives and methodology,and the proposed self-reliance measure, as well askey findings. 1.The Survey Two rounds ofa household panel survey were collected, each round representative1for each ofRwanda’s five refugeecamps, the Kigali urban area, and thecountry of origin ofrefugee population. The UNHCR proGres database was used as a sampling frameand data collection took place duringthe first quarter of 2024 (first round) andin April 2025 (second round). The targetednumber ofinterviewsforeach round was 280 households in Kigeme, Kiziba, Mugombwa and Nyabiheke, 560 inMahama (half from Burundi and half from DRC), and 320 in Kigali. Table 1.1showsthe distribution ofthe respondentsin each ofthefive camps and the Kigali urbanarea. The total sample size is 2,020 and 2,025 households respectivelyfor each round, representingaround 23,000 households(after expanding usingweights). At the individual level, each roundcollected information for around 11,000 individuals which represents approximately 117,000refugees(after expansion using weights). The survey was originally designed as a panel, meaning that the same households would beinterviewed in both rounds to track living conditions over time. Due to households relocating outsidethe camps or the country, changes in phone numbers, and attrition, only71 percent of thehouseholds interviewed in the sec