高危人群和弱势人群中的结核病：政策简报

Tuberculosis among populations at highrisk and people in vulnerable situationsPolicy brief © World Health Organization 2025Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0IGO licence(CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the workis appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specificorganization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must licenseyour work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should addthe following disclaimer along with the suggested citation:“This translation was not created by the World Health Organization(WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the bindingand authentic edition”.Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of theWorld Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/).Suggested citation. Tuberculosis among populations at high risk and people in vulnerable situations: policy brief. Geneva: WorldHealth Organization; 2025.https://doi.org/10.2471/B09350. Licence:CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO.Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttps://iris.who.int/.Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. To submitrequests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, seehttps://www.who.int/copyright.Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures orimages, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from thecopyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solelywith the user.General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply theexpression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area orof its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps representapproximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed orrecommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, thenames of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, thepublished material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for theinterpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use.Design and layout by Inis Communication. ContentsAcknowledgementsAbbreviationsDefinitionsKey messagesOverviewBackgroundWhy focus on vulnerability to TB?What is vulnerability to TB and who is at risk?Determining who is at riskWhat can be done for people at higher risk forTB and to address vulnerabilities?ConclusionReferences ivvvi127101216192425iiiiii AcknowledgementsThis policy brief was prepared by Kerri Viney withcontributions from members of the following staff:Annabel Baddeley, Annemieke Brands, MarziaCalvi, Medea Gegia, Christian Gunneberg, ErnestoJaramillo, Avinash Kanchar, Tiziana Masini, LanaSyed and Sabine Verkuijl, under the guidance ofFarai Mavhunga and the overall direction of TerezaKasaeva, Director, WHO Global Programme onTuberculosis and Lung Health.The WHO Global Programme on Tuberculosisand Lung Health gratefully acknowledges all theexperts and peer reviewers who contributed tothe development of this policy brief, includingWHO staff: Annabel Baddeley, Annemieke Brands,Marzia Calvi, Medea Gegia, Christian Gunneberg,Ernesto Jaramillo, Avinash Kanchar,Tereza Kasaeva, Tiziana Masini, Farai Mavhunga,Lana Syed and Sabine Verkuijl (all from theGlobal Programme on Tuberculosis & LungHealth); Jean de Dieu Iragena, WHO RegionalOffice for Africa; Pedro Avedillo Jiménez, WHORegional Office for the Americas; Martin vanden Boom, WHO Regional Office for the EasternMediterranean, Askar Yedilbayev, WHO RegionalOffice for Europe; Vineet Bhatia, WHO RegionalOffice for South-East Asia; Kalpesh Rahevar andRajendra Yadav, WHO Regional Office for theiv Western Pacific; and Debashish Kundu (WHOTimor-Leste Country Office) and additionalpeer reviewers: