治愈的曙光：亚太地区是否准备好迎接精准医学时代？

1 On the Cusp of a CureOn the Cusp of a CureIs Asia Pacific Ready for the Precision Era? AcknowledgementsL.E.K. Consulting would like to acknowledge the contributions of all the Advisory Committee memberswho have provided critical insights into the development of this report. Specifically, their contributionshave guided the assessment of barriers facing the adoption of precision therapies investigated andrecommendations to addressing these barriers.NamePositionAustraliaDavid ThomasChief Scientific OfficerJaala PulfordChair of the BoardChristine CockburnCEOChinaBaorong YuProfessor and market accesskey opinion leaderAndy MokHead of ChinaKevin HuangFounder and presidentCaicun ZhouProfessor and lung cancerkey opinion leaderJapanTeruyuki KatoriRepresentative DirectorSpecially Appointed ProfessorDaisuke SatoProfessorManabu MutoProfessorMasahiro MiyakeProfessorNaomi SakuraiFounder and CEOKeisuke ShimizuLeaderSouth KoreaPaul LeeFormer GMJin-Ah KimAdvocate for rare diseasesProf Jeonghoon AhnProfessor of Health ConvergenceThis report was sponsored by Johnson & Johnson. The research and writing of this report was conductedindependently and reflects the unbiased analysis and conclusions of the authors.DisclaimerThis document provides information and is for illustration purposes only. Accordingly, it must be considered in the context and purpose for which it has been prepared. Itcannot be relied upon by any recipient.In accepting this document, you agree that L.E.K. Consulting Pte Ltd and its affiliates, members, directors, officers, employees and agents (collectively “L.E.K.”) neitherowe nor accept any duty or responsibility or liability to you or any third party, whether in contract, tort (including negligence) or breach of statutory duty or otherwise,howsoever arising, in connection with or arising from this report or the use you or any third party make of it.L.E.K. shall not be liable to you or any third party in respect of any loss, damage or expense of whatsoever nature which is caused by your or any third party’s reliance or forany use you or any third party may choose to make of the report, which you accept is at your or their own risk. L.E.K. Consulting|On the Cusp of a CureExecutive summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41.0 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111.1 Evolution of medicines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121.2 Drivers of growth in the precision era. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141.3 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161.4 Report development approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212.0 China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242.2 Benefits of precision therapies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .252.3 Barriers to access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .332.4 Recommendations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373.0 Appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49Contents L.E.K. Consulting|On the Cusp of a CureOrganisationOmicoMTPConnectRare Cancers AustraliaUniversity of International Business andEconomicsGuardant HealthChina Organization for Rare Disorders(CORD)School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityFuture Institute Wolong, GeneralIncorporated AssociationGraduate School of Social Sciences,University of HyogoFujita Health universityKyoto University Graduate School ofMedicineKyoto University HospitalCancer SolutionsLung cancer HER2 "HER HER"Gilead Sciences KoreaSeoul National University Hospital,Department of Genomic Medicine, RareDisease CentreEwha University 3 Over the next decade, the natu