通过数字金融能力赋能印尼女性家政工人

Executive summaryInvesting in the digital financial capability of Indonesian women domestic workers demonstrates the exciting positive impact digital financial services can have on the lives of the women who usethem. This research study employed a comprehensive mixed-methods approach to gather nuanced insights into the outcomes experienced by women as they received training to enable their use ofthe DANA digital wallet.The study determined the following outcomes:A greater understanding of theplatform established trust amongthe women in the sample.AwarenessTrustThe training hasstrengthened my trust in theapp and provided me with abetter understanding ofDANA's product features.A 50-year-old domestic workerThe study's findings suggest that with the proper support, digital wallets can align with women’s financial behaviors, consequently increasing the wallets’ adoption and expanding their usage beyondsimply transactional purposes. This expanded and enhanced financial management serves as an accessible on-ramp to women’s financial inclusion in Indonesia.Digital financial capability trainingwas highly effective in expandingawareness of the DANA app andits features.Even among existing users,65%of women domesticworkers reported an increase inthe overall frequency of use or ofcertain features used.“ Training improved women’sconfidence in using the app, whichwas reflected in increased adoptionand usage.March 2025Empowering Indonesian Women Domestic Workers through Digital Financial CapabilityConfidenceWomen who used the DANA appsaved time and were better able tomanage their finances.Women domestic workers usedthe app to send remittancesand save for unexpectedexpenses, building resilience forthemselves and their families.TimeResilienceThe percentage of users in thesample who defined themselves as“confident” increased from54% to 80%.81%of new users and93%of existing users in thesample reported time savings.Nur, a domestic worker, makesinternational remittances to hermother, who cares for herchildren. AcknowledgmentsWomen’s World Banking is first and foremost grateful for the time of the women whoparticipated in interviews and financial diaries research, without whom this undertaking wouldnot be possible. Martha Hindriyani and Megan Dwyer Baumann led the project, with the analysiscollaboration of Katherine Gong and writing support from Sonja Kelly and Jaclyn Berfond. Weare also grateful for the support of our research and advisory teams, including Agnes Salyanty,Justin Archer, Elwyn Panggabean, Vitasari Anggraeni, Sharada Ramanathan, and ChristinaMaynes, who provided insights throughout the process.Astri Sri Sulastri, Arini Pramestri, Elisabeth Nurani, Rahmi Datu Yunaningsih, and the MitraMandiri Riset Team executed the data collection. We would also like to thank the NationalNetwork for Domestic Worker Advocacy (JALA PRT) and PT Espay Debit Indonesia Koe (DANA)for their critical support of this research. This publication is based on research funded by (or inpart by) the Gates Foundation. The findings and conclusions contained within are those of theauthors and do not necessarily reflect positions or policies of the Gates Foundation. March 2025Empowering Indonesian Women Domestic Workers through Digital Financial CapabilityThe Women’s World Banking research team participated infinancial training sessions with domestic workers, visitingtheir workplaces and homes to collect data on digital walletusage and money transfers. Table of contentsAcknowledgmentIntroductionDigital financialcapabilityOutcome resultKey findingReferencesExecutive summaryIntroductionApproachConclusionReferencesAcknowledgmentsOutcomes resultsHow to use this documentThis deck does not need to be read consecutively; we have instead organized it according to the keyevidence-based outcomes we collected (as viewed in the Results section). It is designed so thatclicking through to any of these sections, using the tabs on the top of the page, is simple and intuitive.Executive summaryExecutive summaryReferences 343817323517 Introduction Domestic workers and remittancesin IndonesiaDomestic workers are defined by the International Labor Organization (ILO) as people who “workin a household other than their own and carry out tasks such as cooking, cleaning, childcare andelder care in return for pay or in-kind compensation." Out of the 75.6 million domestic workersaround the world, 76.2% are women (Bonnet et al., 2022). In Indonesia, an estimated five milliondomestic workers represent a significant part of the economy, with 34% of female domesticworkers living in the households where they work (Komnas Perempuan, 2023).Domestic workers around the world rely on sending remittances to financially support theirfamilies. Due to residing with their employer or to labor migration trends, domestic workers oftenlive apart from their families. Many domestic workers migrate internally (i.e., within the samecountry) from smaller towns or islands to denser population are