印度电动卡车民主化——以租赁为主导的大规模采用模式

ComplementaryFinancing and De-riskingMechanisms1504.Executive Summary03 Stakeholder RoadmapRoles and Responsibilities1705. Current State ofZET Financing in India0902. Key Risk Categories AffectingZET Financing11 Executive Summary Zero-emission trucks (ZETs) are essential todecarbonizing freight, yet adoption remains limitedby high upfront costs, limited access to credit,and financing models designed for diesel vehicles– barriers that are especially acute for small andmedium fleet operators (SMFOs), who dominatelogistics in many emerging markets. “Decarbonising logistics is a critical step inachieving our sustainability goals. Integrationof electric trucks in our logistics is a keybuilding block, in addition to modal shifts thatwe are working on. Scaling such transformationdemands a right combination of innovativefinancial models and ecosystem collaboration.This roadmap is a timely and essential enabler,aligning industry, financial institutionsand policy to address systemic barriers andbuild momentum for zero-emission freightadoption.” India illustrates the challenge and opportunity: itsfreight sector moves over 70% of domestic goodsand contributes 4.5% to GDP, while medium- andheavy-duty trucks are responsible for over half ofroad transport’s particulate emissions. However,financing conditions – such as low loan-to-valueratios, high interest rates, and lack of leasingoptions – exclude most SMFOs from accessing ZETs. To overcome these structural barriers, adedicatedZET leasing facilityis proposed, built on four keypillars: – Deeksha Vats, Group Chief Sustainability Officer,Aditya Birla Group 1.Demand Aggregation– Pooling orders acrossfleet operators and shippers to reduceprocurement costs, improve vehicle utilization,and create investment scale. 2.Blended Finance– Using a mix of concessionaland commercial capital to reduce lease ratesand improve risk-adjusted returns. “This work demonstrates that decarbonizationfreight transport creates business innovationand opportunity. In India, leading businessesare scaling adoption and investing in electrictrucks, showing that ambitious climate actionand economic growth can go hand in hand.This innovative leasing model highlightsthe power of collaboration across the valuechain—and underscores the critical rolefinancial institutions play in enabling inclusive,scalable solutions. At WBCSD, we’re proud tosupport this momentum by bringing businessleadership together with other key stakeholdersto help transform value chains.” 3.Risk-sharing Mechanisms– Deployingguarantees, carbon finance, and revenueassurance (e.g., long-term freight contracts) toboost project bankability. 4.Bundled Services– Offering ZETs withintegrated charging, maintenance, and digitalservices to lower operational friction andensure uptime. Though developed with India’s e-truck market infocus, this model is designed for adaptation andreplication across countries and vehicle types. Byunlocking vehicle access, de-risking investment,and enabling implementation at scale, it providesa globally adaptable solution to accelerate clean,inclusive freight systems. – Diane Holdorf, Executive Vice President, Pathways,WBCSD We invite financial institutions, policymakers, andindustry leaders to collaborate in piloting, refining,and scaling this model to support an inclusive andresilient clean transport future. “JSW's foray into EV vehicle adoption andmanufacturing are part of a broader effort tosupport India's transition to a greener economythrough sustainable technologies and cleanmobility solutions. We recognize the criticalrole of technology and finance as a key enablerin this industry. To unlock zero-emission freightsolutions at scale, we must have new economicmodels that benefit all, most importantly thesmall and medium scale operators who arethe backbone of Indian logistics. In order todemocratize access to zero-emission trucksand vehicles and draw closer to an equitable,climate-resilient future, we must build anecosystem that provides various options oftechnology adoption and financing. Thisroadmap is a critical step to making that visiona reality” “Arcadis supports the transition of fleets tozero-emission vehicles and acknowledges theparticular challenge of high upfront costs forthese vehicles for our clients all around theglobe. This pioneering work by WBCSD andKPMG exemplifies the critical role of leasingin accelerating zero-emission truck adoptionby lowering the barriers to adoption and alsocritically prioritizing complimentary de-riskingmeasures such as enabling much needed highpower charging facilities thereby paving the wayfor a cleaner, decarbonized, and more equitablefreight sector” – Simon Swan, Global Solution Director – New Mobilityand Airport Hubs, Arcadis – Prabodha Acharya, Chief Sustainability Officer, JSW “Leasing is a key enabler in acceleratingthe shift to zero-emission trucks. It lowersfinancial barriers, broadens market access,and empowers more operators to transition. I