技术性贸易壁垒协定：2024年10项关键成果

Technical Barriers to Trade AgreementThe Technical Barriers to Trade Agreementaims to ensure that regulations, standards, testingand certification procedures followed by WTO membersdo not create unnecessary obstacles to trade. Annual Review of TBT Agreement The WTO Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade collects dataon an annual basis on the implementation of the TBT Agreement.The information in this brochure is based on the 2024 review. About the WTO The World Trade Organization is the international body dealingwith the global rules of trade between nations. Its main functionis to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freelyas possible, with a level playing field for all its members. Disclaimer This document has been prepared under the WTO Secretariat’s own responsibilityand without prejudice to the position of WTO members and to their rights andobligations under the WTO. The designations employed in this publication andthe presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinionwhatsoever on the part of the WTO concerning the legal status of any country,area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. Contents MC13 Declaration on Regulatory Cooperation Adoption of the 10thTriennial Review Conformity Assessment Procedure guidelines Transparency Working Group7 Notifications on product requirements Submission of notifications ePing’s global reach Specific Trade Concerns Technical assistance Foreword The WTO Committee on TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) recordedsome remarkable achievements in2024. A Ministerial Declaration onTBT adopted at the 13thMinisterialConference in Abu Dhabi confirmedmembers’ commitment to regulatorycooperation and transparency andto reducing technical barriers totrade. The Committee also adoptedtwo sets of guidelines on enhancingtransparency on TBT matters and onconformity assessment procedures. Standards and regulations play acrucial role in addressing publicinterests, such as health andenvironmental protection. By ensuringtheir transparency and interoperability,we maximize their effectiveness whilepreventing them from becomingunnecessary barriers to trade. By facilitating international regulatorycooperation and the activeinvolvement of regulators, tradeofficials, experts and standardizationbodies, the TBT Committee fosterstrust across supply chains andsupports sound trade policy-making. In addition, members adopted acomprehensive three-year workprogramme on standards andregulations, focusing on areas suchas deepening discussions on artificialintelligence and critical emergingtechnologies, agriculture, environment,health, and development. It is an honour to chair the TBTCommittee, which is a model ofprogress, innovation, transparencyand cooperation on trade issues,both inside and outside thisorganization. I commend the work ofmy predecessors and our dedicatedSecretariat for their expertise andcommitment to advancing the workof the Committee. Daniela García (Ecuador)Chair of the Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade TBT@30 The WTO marked the 30thanniversary of the TBTAgreement with an event held on the margins of theNovember TBT Committee meeting. The event broughttogether representatives of international standard-settingorganizations, current and former TBT delegates, and theprivate sector, who reflected on the past, present and futureof the Agreement. Addressing the event, Director-GeneralNgozi Okonjo-Iweala said; “it is you, this Committee,that keeps the Agreement dynamic. The work you do isfundamental to keep trade flowing, in good times and bad”. WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION MC13 Declaration on Regulatory Cooperation At the WTO’s 13thMinisterial Conference (MC13)in Abu Dhabi in February 2024, WTO membersemphasized the TBT Committee’s key role in fosteringregulatory cooperation to reduce technical barriersto trade. The Declaration, the first in the area ofTBT, highlights the importance of dialogue and earlyengagement on standards and regulations to addresschallenges in climate change, human health, and thedigital economy. It also underlines the important roleof digital tools like ePing and eAgenda to promoteregulatory convergence and prevent trade friction. Adoption of the 10thTriennial Review At its November meeting, the TBT Committee adoptedthe 10thTriennial Review report, which takes stock of themain achievements of the Committee over the past threeyears and presents a work programme for the next three-year cycle. Members agreed to take forward more than40 specific recommendations, including the organizationof 23 thematic sessions covering topics such as criticaland emerging technologies, decarbonization standards,additive manufacturing, inter-operable data standards,lithium-ion batteries and medical devices. They alsoagreed to take steps to further improve Committeepractices, transparency procedures and digital tools. Conformity Assessment Procedure guidelines Members a