撒哈拉以南非洲的数字支付创新

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUNDAFRICAN DEPARTMENTDEPARTMENTAL PAPERDigital Payment Innovationsin Sub-Saharan AfricaPrepared by an IMF team led by Luca Antonio Ricci,Calixte Ahokpossi, Saad Quayyum, and Rima Turk,comprised Anna Belianska, Mehmet Cangul,Habtamu Fuje, Sunwoo Lee, Grace Li, Xiangming Li,Yibin Mu, Nkunde Mwase, Jack Joo Ree, and HaiyanShi, under the guidance of Vitaliy Kramarenko. Cataloging-in-Publication DataMF LibraryNames: Ricci, Luca Antonio, author. | Ahokpossi, Calixte, author. | Quayyum, Saad Noor, author. | Turk Ariss, Rima,author. | Belianska, Anna, author. | Cangul, Mehmet, author. | Fuje, Habtamu, author. | Lee, Sunwoo, 1993-, author |Li, Grace Bin, author. | Li, Xiangming, 1966-, author. | Mu, Yibin, 1968-, author. | Mwase, Nkunde, author. | Ree,Jack Joo, author. | Shi, Haiyan, author. | Kramarenko, V. (Vitaliy), author. | International Monetary Fund, publisher.Title: Digital payment innovations in Sub-Saharan Africa / Prepared by an IMF team led by Luca Antonio Ricci, CalixteAhokpossi, Saad Quayyum, and Rima Turk, comprised Anna Belianska, Mehmet Cangul, Habtamu Fuje, SunwooLee, Grace Li, Xiangming Li, Yibin Mu, Nkunde Mwase, Jack Joo Ree, and Haiyan Shi, under the guidance ofOther titles: International Monetary Fund. African Department (Series).Description: Washington, DC : International Monetary Fund, 2025. | June 2025. | Includes bibliographical references.9798400232220(paper)9798400234088(ePub)9798400234057(WebPDF)Subjects: LCSH: Digital currency—Sub-Saharan Africa. | Digital currency—Technological innovation—Sub-Saharan Africa.This paper wasprepared by an IMF team led by Luca Antonio Ricci, Calixte Ahokpossi, Saad Quayyum, and Rima Turk,comprised Anna Belianska, Mehmet Cangul, Habtamu Fuje, Sunwoo Lee, Grace Li, Xiangming Li, Yibin Mu, NkundeMwase, Jack Joo Ree, and Haiyan Shi, under the guidance of Vitaliy Kramarenko.The following contributors prepared a box or an annex where their name is also listed: Marianne Bechara, JacquesBouhga-Hagbe, Laila Drissi Bourhanbour, Adrian Dorel Dumitrescu Pasecinic, Davide Furceri, Khushboo Khandelwal,Mesmin Koulet-Vickot, Amina Lahreche, Mouhamadou Ly, Lawrence Norton, Silvia Núñez, Mika Saito, Félix FernandoSimione, Nour Tawk, Johanna Tiedemann, Ursula Wiriadinata, and Solo Zerbo.The team received excellent support from Hatem Alsokhebr, Ignacio Gutiérrez, Juan Fernando Morán Arce, MiguelEduardo Otero Nule, Sandrine Ourigou, and Rahul Raju, in collaboration with other members of the African DepartmentCBDC and Digital Payments Working Group: Gbedia Gomez Agou, Reginald Darius, Kouame Desire Kanga, NereeNoumon, Henry Nguyen Quach, Marcos Rietti Souto, Jose A. Sulemane, and Karim M. Youssef.The paper benefitted from invaluable comments by Ernest Kwamina Yedu Addison, Tobias Adrian, Salvatore Luigi Alonzo,Jolie Aloysius Tarlue, Aivo Handriatiana Andrianarivelo, Johnson Pandit Asiama, Michael Atingi-Ego, Yvon Sana Bangui,Ehi Binitie, Chris Brummer, Carmelle Cadet, Eugenio Cerutti, Subhashini Chandran, Piero Cipollone, Tito Nicias Teixeira daSilva Filho, Marco Valerio Della Penna, Dorothee Delort, Dante Disparte, Dimitrios Dosis, Matthew, Driver, Óscar HumbertoÉvora Santos, Yasuko Fumuro, Johannes !Gawaxab, Soraya Hakuziyaremye, Martina Hengge, Roshan Iyer, Natalie Haynes,Dong He, Julapa Jagtiani, Agnija Jekabsone, Michael Jennings, Malangu Kabedi-Mbuyi, Christian Kajeneri, Jean-Claude Kassi Brou, Candace Kelly, Lesetja Kganyago, Leora Klapper, Tayo Koonprasert, Tansaya Kunaratskul, David LeeKuo Chuen, Bo Li, Inutu Lukonga, Tommaso Mancini Griffoli, Dea Markova, Tony McLaughlin, Georgina Merhom, LucaMibelli, Phil Mnisi, Sopnendu Mohanty, Pierfrancesco Molina, Ian Moloney, Tara Muehlschlegel, Harish Natarajan, HarryNewman, Patrick Njoroge, Manisha Patel, Kingsley Obiora, Julius Oloufade, Kwame Oppong, Patrizio Pagano, LeonardoPio Pérez, Konstantin Peric, Matteo Rizzi, John Rwangombwa, Henry F. Saamoi, Buah Saidy, Fabian Schaer, Harvesh KumarSeegolam, Wolfram Seidemann, Abebe Aemro Selassie, Raadhika Sihin, Rama Sithanen, Gabriel Soderberg, NobuyasuSugimoto, Tao Sun, Jeremy Tan, Paolo Tasca, Miriam Tembo Kamuhuza, Katie-Ann Wilson, and Rogério Zandamela, aswell as colleagues from the IMF (following departments: AFR, COM, FIN, LEG, MCM, RES, and SPR) and the World Bank.The Departmental Paper Series presents research by IMF staff on issues of broad regional or cross-countryinterest. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views ofthe IMF, its Executive Board, or IMF management.Publication orders may be placed online or through the mail:International Monetary Fund, Publication ServicesP.O. Box 92780, Washington, DC 20090, USAT. +(1) 202.623.7430publications@IMF.orgIMFbookstore.orgelibrary.IMF.org Vitaliy Kramarenko.Identifiers: ISBN:Classification: HG1710.R5 2025Acknowledgments ContentsExecutive Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .