拉丁美洲和加勒比废水处理系统的循环经济机遇2025

SERIES 213NATURAL RESOURCESANDDEVELOPMENT The circular economyopportunities forwastewater treatmentsystems in Latin Americaand the Caribbean Silvia Saravia MatusMarina Gil SevillaDiego FernándezAlfredo MontañezElisa BlancoLisbeth NaranjoAlba LlavonaNatalia Sarmanto Thank you for your interest inthis ECLAC publication Please register if you would like to receive information on our editorialproducts and activities. When you register, you may specify your particularareas of interest and you will gain access to our products in other formats. Click on the link below for our social networks andother channels for accessing our publications: https://bit.ly/m/CEPAL The circular economy opportunitiesfor wastewater treatment systemsin Latin America and the Caribbean Silvia Saravia MatusMarina Gil SevillaDiego FernándezAlfredo MontañezElisa BlancoLisbeth NaranjoAlba LlavonaNatalia Sarmanto This document was prepared by Silvia Saravia Matus, Economic Affairs Officer, and Marina Gil Sevilla,SeniorResearch Assistant, both of whom are with the Water and Energy Unit of the Natural ResourcesDivision of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC); and Diego Fernández,Alfredo Montañez, Elisa Blanco, Lisbeth Naranjo, Alba Llavona and Natalia Sarmanto, Consultants with thatUnit. The authors are grateful for the comments made by Laura Martínez Botia. Funding for the preparation of this material was provided by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable DevelopmentSub-Fund of the United Nations peace and development trust fund under the project entitled “Potablewater, sanitation and renewable energies to improve the health conditions of the population and promoteproductive uses in the most lagging behind municipalities of the countries of the northern subregion ofLatinAmerica and the Caribbean”(PDF-SDG-2021-07), for which ECLAC is the lead agency. The United Nations and the countries it represents assume no responsibility for the content of links toexternal sites in this publication. Mention of any firm names and commercial products or services does not imply endorsement by theUnitedNations or the countries it represents. The views expressed in this document, a translation of a Spanish original which did not undergo formalediting, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization or the countriesit represents. United Nations publicationISSN: 2664-4541 (electronic version)ISSN: 2664-4525 (print version)LC/TS.2022/193Distribution: LCopyright © United Nations, 2025All rights reservedPrinted at United Nations, SantiagoS.2500001[E] This publication should be cited as: S. Saravia Matus et al. (2025). The circular economy opportunities for wastewater treatment systemsin Latin America and the Caribbean,Natural Resources and Development Series(213) (LC/TS.2022/193), Santiago, Economic Commissionfor Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). Applications for authorization to reproduce this work in whole or in part should be sent to the Economic Commission for Latin Americaand the Caribbean (ECLAC), Documents and Publications Division, publicaciones.cepal@un.org. ember States of the United Nationsand their governmental institutions may reproduce this work without prior authorization but are requested to mention the source andto inform ECLAC of such reproduction. Contents A.Wastewater treatment in Latin America and the Caribbean: the present situation.................. 11B.Targets and agreements for increasing wastewater treatment in Latin Americaand the Caribbean.................................................................................................................. 14 II.From waste to resources: circular economic opportunities for wastewater treatmentsystems in Latin America and the Caribbean.........................................................................17 A.The scope of the circular economy......................................................................................... 181.The circular economy and sustainable development....................................................... 192.The circular economy and water..................................................................................... 20B.The technological potential of the circular economy approach to wastewater treatment....... 211.Water reuse.................................................................................................................... 222.Energy generation.......................................................................................................... 233.Nutrient extraction......................................................................................................... 26C.Expected benefits................................................................................................................... 271.Direct economic benefits................................................................................................ 272.Environmental be