乌克兰冲突后供应链调查

Thisdocument has been produced without formal United Nations editing.Thedesignations employed and the presentation of material in this document do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of theSecretariat of the UnitedNations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of anycountry, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of itsfrontiers or boundaries, or its economic system ordegree of development. Designationssuchas“developed”,“industrialised”,or“developing”are intended for statisticalconvenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by aparticular country or area in the development process. Mention of any firms or commercialproducts does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. 2©2023 3TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary.............................................................................................................4Background..........................................................................................................................141. Methodology...................................................................................................................182. Findings from Market and Supply Chains Assessment........................................212.1 Mapping the Supply and Demand of Services in the Target Regions.............212.2Assessing the competitiveness of the supply chains......................................412.2.1. Attractiveness of the Western regions of Ukraine regarding business relocation...412.2.2. Analysis of the labour market potential of the Western regions.................................522.3. Selection of Key Industrial Supply Chains......................................................552.4. Assessing the selected supply chains.............................................................632.4.1. Food supply chain of the plant group of goods................................................................632.4.2. Meat and Meat Products Supply Chain.............................................................................1042.4.3. Forest Products Supply Chain.............................................................................................1433. Gaps and Opportunities for Investments..............................................................1784. Potential Development Interventions....................................................................185Annex...................................................................................................................................192 4ExecutiveSummarySince the start of the armed conflict, hundreds of manufacturing companies operating inUkraine's eastern and central regions havebeen forced to suspend their operations, andsome have been relocated to Western andSouth-western Ukraine. According to theMinistry of Economy of Ukraine1, as of the beginning of March 2023,800companies havealready relocated to safer areas, 623 enterprises have resumed operations in newlocations, 239 enterprises are actively searching for recent locations or transportationmethods, and 650 companies havecancelledtheir relocation dueto the de-occupation ofthe territories where they were located.This process needs to bemanaged carefully, as preserving every job and ensuringuninterrupted business operations is an extremely important government task.That is why the purpose of this assessment is to research, analyse and select the mostpromising supply chains2for the formation of industry clusters in Ukraine based on theEIP principles3, capable of supporting the country's economy during the war and makingthemost significant contribution to its post-war recovery, thereby contributing toinclusive and sustainable industrial development.The report presents an analyses ofcritical industrial supply chains with the highestpotential for growth, profitability, increaseand job creation in Western Ukraine,focusingon resource efficiency, clean production and industrial symbiosis opportunities at theindustrial park and company level.This research was carried out within the framework of the Global Eco-Industrial ParksProgram (GEIPP) in Developing Countries and Countries with Economies in Transition; thecurrently implemented UNIDO project "Global Eco-Industrial Parks Program-Ukraine:CountryLevel Intervention"(GEIPP-Ukraine)will address the development of eco-industrial parks (EIPs) in Ukraine.GEIPP is an initiative led by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization(UNIDO) and funded by the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) todemonstrate the viability and benefits of EIP approaches toincrease resource productivityand improve the economic, environmental, and social performance of businesses bycreatingshared economic opportunities,improving ecosystems and innovativeopportunities for responsible business.This research addresses only some of the points below:»Mapping the demand and supply of ser