促进步行和骑自行车：政策选择工具包

A toolkit of policy optionswalkingand cyclingPromoting Promoting walking and cycling: a toolkit of policy optionsISBN 978-92-4-010990-2 (electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-010991-9 (print version)© World Health Organization 2025Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CreativeCommons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGOlicence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute andadapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided thework is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use ofthis work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorsesany specific organization, products or services. The use of theWHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then youmust license your work under the same or equivalent CreativeCommons licence. If you create a translation of this work, youshould add the following disclaimer along with the suggestedcitation: “This translation was not created by the World HealthOrganization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content oraccuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall bethe binding and authentic edition”.Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licenceshall be conducted in accordance with the mediationrules of the World Intellectual Property Organization(http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/).Suggested citation.Promoting walking and cycling: a toolkitof policy options. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025.Licence:CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are availableathttps://iris.who.int/.Sales, rights and licensing. To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. To submitrequests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing,seehttps://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from thiswork that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figuresor images, it is your responsibility to determine whetherpermission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permissionfrom the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting frominfringement of any third-party-owned component in the workrests solely with the user.General disclaimers.The designations employed and thepresentation of the material in this publication do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHOconcerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or areaor of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiersor boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps representapproximate border lines for which there may not yet be fullagreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’products does not imply that they are endorsed orrecommended by WHO in preference to others of a similarnature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted,the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initialcapital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verifythe information contained in this publication. However, thepublished material is being distributed without warranty ofany kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for theinterpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In noevent shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use.Design and layout by Eddy Hill Design ContentsAcknowledgementsGlossaryExecutive summaryIntroductionPurpose of this toolkitWhat does the toolkit provide?Who is the toolkit for?Section 1:Why increasing walking and cycling is important1.1Walking and cycling can help achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals1.2Walking and cycling improve physical and mental health1.3Walking and cycling improve road safety1.4Walking and cycling help create healthy urban environments1.5Walking and cycling can help tackle inequalities1.6Walking and cycling can increase use of public transport systems1.7Walking and cycling make economic senseSection 2:Policy action areas to increase walking and cyclingPolicy action area 1:Integrate walking and cycling into all relevant policiesPolicy action area 2:Provide safe and connected walking and cycling networksPolicy action area 3:Design inclusive and safe streets for allPolicy action area 4:Improve safe road user behaviourPolicy action area 5:Protect and prioritize walking and cyclingPolicy action area 6:Facilitate integrated transport optionsPolicy action area 7:Promote and incentivize walking and cyclingSection 3:Key enablers for successful implementationGovernance and coordinationCommunity and civil society engagementKnowledge, skills and capacityAdvocacyLegislationFunding and financing mechanismsSection 4:Monitoring progressSection 5:Putting the toolkit into actionReferencesAnnex 1:Development of this toolkitAnnex 2:WHO assessment toolsAnnex 3:Global indicators and targetsAnnex 4:Additional WHO resources related to policy options on walking and cycling ivvixi133579101213141415171822252932353743434