提高韩国的紧凑性、连通性和可达性

OECD Urban Studies Enhancing Compactness, ConnectivityandAccessibility inKorea Enhancing Compactness,Connectivityand Accessibility in Korea This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed andarguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Member countries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no singleauthority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European Union The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Please cite this publication as:OECD (2025),Enhancing Compactness, Connectivity and Accessibility in Korea, OECD Urban Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris,https://doi.org/10.1787/a20f49bc-en. ISBN 978-92-64-61005-7 (print)ISBN 978-92-64-91265-6 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-69559-7 (HTML) OECD Urban StudiesISSN 2707-3432 (print)ISSN 2707-3440 (online) Photo credits:Cover © Je Hyuk Lee/Getty Images Plus. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword Korea’s population is expected to decline to 37million by 2070, from 52 million in 2022, with the medianage rising from 45 to 62. In the context of these significant demographic shifts, Korea is considering a“compact-and-connected”strategyanchoredintransit-orienteddevelopment(TOD)torebalancedevelopment across the country. This strategy seeks to ensure access to high quality services for peopleof all ages while also fostering sustainable, inclusive urban growth. This report is the outcome of the project “Linking Compact-Urban and Regional Development in the Faceof Demographic Change in Korea,” supported by Korea’s Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport(MOLIT), and forms part of the OECD’s long-standing collaboration with Korea to advance knowledge onregionaldevelopmentpolicy,well-being,andenvironmentalsustainability.Thereportprovidesrecommendations to assist Korea in developing resilient, well-connected, and sustainable urban andregional strategies that effectively respond to demographic shifts, but it is also relevant toother OECDcountries facing similar challenges. The report uses rich and fine-grained population and service data tohighlight differences in population concentration trends and access to services in Korea relative to otherOECD countries. It also takes aclose look atKorea’s policies towardsbalancedregionaldevelopmentandsuggests avenues fo