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Future Farming in IndiaA Playbook for Scaling ArtificialIntelligence in Agriculture I N S I G H TR E P O R TF E B R U A R Y2 0 2 5 Contents Foreword3Executive summary4Introduction7The potential of AI in agriculture8The need for an AI playbook91Understanding stakeholders’ AI aspirations at first hand102Exploring promising AI applications for agriculture142.1Potential use cases152.1.1AI-enabled crop planning162.1.2AI-enabled rapid soil-health analysis182.1.3AI-enabled pest prediction and control212.1.4AI-enabled smart marketplaces242.2Lessons learned from AI use cases273Framework for developing AI ecosystems283.1Introducing the IMPACT AI framework293.2Objectives of the framework293.3Principles of the IMPACT AI framework303.4Pillars of the framework30Pillar 1Enable32Pillar 2Create33Pillar 3Deliver34Conclusion and call to action35Next steps – models and templates37Appendix 1: The Agriculture Expert Group39Appendix 2: AI for India 2030 Advisory Council41Appendix 3: The stakeholders matrix44Appendix 4: A repository of AI use cases in agriculture45Appendix 5: An assessment of critical datasets for AI in agriculture50Contributors52Endnotes53 Disclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum asa contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the WorldEconomic Forum but whose results do not necessarily representthe views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of itsMembers, Partners or other stakeholders. ©2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopying and recording, or byany information storage and retrieval system. Future Farming in IndiaA Playbook for Scaling Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture Foreword S. Krishnan Devesh ChaturvediSecretary of the Ministryof Agriculture and Farmers’Welfare, Government of India Secretary of the Ministryof Electronics and InformationTechnology, (MeitY),Government of India Purushottam KaushikHead, Centre for the FourthIndustrial Revolution, WorldEconomic Forum, India Nipun KalraManaging Director, Partnerand India Head, BCG X Agriculture is at a turning point. industry leaders, agritech start-ups andfarmers themselves. In a world increasingly shaped by challenges suchas unpredictable weather patterns, rising costsand resource scarcity, technological innovationsare emerging as powerful tools to navigate thesecomplexities. Among these, artificial intelligence(AI) stands out as a transformative force, capableof revolutionizing agricultural practices, enhancingproductivity and ensuring sustainability. It reflects a collective vision for harnessing AIto address systemic challenges in agriculture,guided by the principles of inclusivity, equityand sustainability. It provides a structured roadmap for deployingAI solutions at scale, centred on three criticalpillars:enable,createanddeliver. The playbookdemonstrates how robust digital infrastructure,inclusive policies and collaborative innovationecosystems can accelerate AI adoption. It alsohighlights successful use cases, both global andlocal, showcasing AI’s transformative potential whentailored to specific contexts. India, home to more than 150 million farmers,holds a unique position in this transformation.Despite its rich agrarian heritage, Indian agriculturefaces significant challenges. Low productivity,fragmented landholdings, limited financialaccess for smallholders and vulnerability toclimate change hinder progress. These issuesare further exacerbated by traditional farmingmethods, underscoring the urgent need forinnovative solutions that address inefficiencieswhile building resilience. The report aspires to be more than a toolkit.It aims to inspire and align governments, privateenterprises and civil society in building an AIecosystem that promotes a future in which farmingis more productive, profitable and resilient. This report,Future Farming in India: A Playbookfor Scaling Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture, isdesigned to bridge the gap between aspirationand action, providing practical strategies for usingAI to meet the needs of smallholder farmers inIndia and around the world. It builds on real-worldexamples and lessons learned from projects acrossIndia, where AI has helped farmers increase yields,reduce input costs and improve profits. Theseearly successes demonstrate that AI can makea tangible difference – but only if implementedthoughtfully and at scale. The journey to scaling AI in agriculture is notwithout challenges, but it is also rich withopportunities. Whether you are a policy-maker,a start-up founder, an industry leader or a researchscientist, as you engage with this playbook, youare encouraged to reflect on its insights and adaptits recommendations to your unique contexts. The report’s authors extend their deepest gratitudet